feat(announcements,messaging): 公告与消息模块审计重构 — i18n + Error Boundary + a11y

- 新增审计报告 docs/architecture/audit/announcements-messages-audit-report.md - 新增中英双语 i18n 字典 announcements.json / messages.json（11/13 个命名空间） - 重构所有 announcements 和 messaging 组件接入 next-intl（useTranslations） - 所有页面 page.tsx 使用 generateMetadata + getTranslations 替代硬编码 metadata - 新增 7 个 error.tsx 错误边界（4 公告 + 3 消息），统一 EmptyState + i18n + 重试 - a11y 改进：announcement-card / message-list / notification-dropdown 添加 aria-label - 同步架构图 004 和 005：i18n.messages 清单 + 已知问题修复记录
2026-06-22 16:02:07 +08:00
parent 21c1e7a286
commit fde711ce46
30 changed files with 1085 additions and 261 deletions
--- a/docs/architecture/004_architecture_impact_map.md
+++ b/docs/architecture/004_architecture_impact_map.md
@@ -949,6 +949,9 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 - ✅ P1 已修复：~~`updateNotificationPreferencesAction` 缺少 Zod 校验~~ 已添加 `UpdateNotificationPreferencesSchema` 校验 8 个布尔字段
 - ✅ P2 已修复：`data-access.ts` 中 3 处 `or(...)!` 非空断言清理为安全守卫（条件 push）
 - ✅ P0-b 已修复：~~`notification-preferences.ts` re-export shim 文件~~ 已删除（通知模块去重），8 个消费方改为直接从 `@/modules/notifications/preferences` 导入 `getNotificationPreferences` / `upsertNotificationPreferences`，消除 messaging 模块对通知偏好的冗余 re-export 层
+- ✅ P1 已修复：~~全模块零 i18n，中英文案硬编码~~ 所有组件接入 next-intl（`useTranslations("messages")`），新增 `src/shared/i18n/messages/{zh-CN,en}/messages.json` 翻译字典（title/description/tabs/actions/form/status/meta/notificationType/search/empty/messages/error 共 13 个命名空间）；所有页面 `page.tsx` 使用 `generateMetadata` + `getTranslations` 替代硬编码 metadata
+- ✅ P1 已修复：~~缺 Error Boundary~~ 新增 3 个 `error.tsx` 错误边界（`/messages`、`/messages/[id]`、`/messages/compose`），统一使用 `EmptyState` + i18n 错误文案 + 重试按钮
+- ✅ P2 已修复：a11y 改进，`message-list.tsx` / `notification-dropdown.tsx` 添加 `aria-label` / `aria-hidden`

 **文件清单**：
 | 文件 | 行数 | 职责 |
--- a/docs/architecture/audit/announcements-messages-audit-report.md
+++ b/docs/architecture/audit/announcements-messages-audit-report.md
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+# 公告和消息模块审计报告
+
+> 审查日期：2026-06-22
+> 审查范围：`src/modules/announcements/**`、`src/modules/messaging/**`、`src/modules/notifications/**`、`src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/**`、`src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/**`、`src/app/(dashboard)/messages/**`
+> 架构图参考：`docs/architecture/004_architecture_impact_map.md` §2.13 / §2.14 / §2.16、`docs/architecture/005_architecture_data.json`
+
+---
+
+## 一、现有实现概要
+
+### 1.1 文件分布
+
+| 层 | 路径 | 文件数 | 说明 |
+|----|------|--------|------|
+| 路由层 - 用户端公告 | `src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/` | 2 个 `page.tsx` + 1 个 `loading.tsx` | 列表 + 详情，所有角色共用 |
+| 路由层 - 管理端公告 | `src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/` | 2 个 `page.tsx` + 1 个 `loading.tsx` | 管理列表 + 编辑 |
+| 路由层 - 消息 | `src/app/(dashboard)/messages/` | 3 个 `page.tsx` + 3 个 `loading.tsx` + 1 个 `error.tsx` | 列表 + 详情 + 撰写 |
+| 模块层 - announcements | `src/modules/announcements/` | 4 个核心文件 + 5 个组件 | actions(296行) / data-access(197行) / types(61行) / schema(45行) |
+| 模块层 - messaging | `src/modules/messaging/` | 4 个核心文件 + 6 个组件 | actions(312行) / data-access(246行) / types(52行) / schema(44行) |
+| 模块层 - notifications | `src/modules/notifications/` | 6 个核心文件 + 5 个渠道文件 | actions(159行) / data-access(174行) / dispatcher(152行) / preferences(191行) / types(153行) |
+
+### 1.2 数据流
+
+```
+[Route] /announcements/page.tsx
+   └─▶ announcements/data-access.getAnnouncements (status=published, audience={gradeId,classId})
+         └─▶ classes/data-access.getClassGradeId / getStudentActiveClassId / getStudentActiveGradeId
+
+[Route] /admin/announcements/page.tsx
+   ├─▶ announcements/data-access.getAnnouncements
+   ├─▶ school/data-access.getGrades
+   └─▶ classes/data-access.getAdminClasses
+   （页面层直接编排 3 个模块的 data-access）
+
+[Route] /messages/page.tsx
+   ├─▶ messaging/data-access.getMessages
+   └─▶ notifications/data-access.getNotifications
+   （页面层直接编排 2 个模块的 data-access）
+
+[Route] /messages/compose/page.tsx
+   └─▶ messaging/data-access.getRecipients
+         └─▶ classes/data-access.getStudentIdsByClassIds / getTeacherIdsByClassIds / getClassesByGradeId / getStudentActiveClassId
+         └─▶ users/data-access.getUserNamesByIds
+
+[Action] announcements/actions.createAnnouncementAction
+   └─▶ notifications.sendBatchNotifications (发布公告时批量通知)
+
+[Action] messaging/actions.sendMessageAction
+   └─▶ notifications.dispatcher.sendNotification (发消息时通知收件人)
+```
+
+### 1.3 架构图记录情况
+
+`004_architecture_impact_map.md` 对三个模块的记录较为完整：
+- §2.13 messaging：记录了 P0-4 / P1-5 已修复的双向依赖问题，文件清单准确
+- §2.14 notifications：记录了渠道抽象和从 messaging 迁移的历史
+- §2.16 announcements：记录了模块职责和依赖关系
+
+**但存在以下遗漏**：
+- 未记录 messaging 组件目录下 `notification-dropdown.tsx` 和 `unread-message-badge.tsx` 两个组件
+- 未记录 announcements 模块的 `components/` 子目录（5 个组件文件未在文件清单中列出）
+- 未记录消息列表的客户端搜索行为（`getMessagesAction` 在客户端被调用）
+- 未记录通知下拉菜单的 30 秒轮询机制
+
+---
+
+## 二、现存问题与原因分析
+
+### 2.1 国际化完全缺失（P0）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [announcements/components/announcement-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-list.tsx) L24-29 | `"All"` / `"Published"` / `"Draft"` / `"Archived"` 硬编码 | "所有用户可见文本必须适配 i18n（使用 next-intl），提取翻译键" |
+| [announcements/components/announcement-detail.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-detail.tsx) L29-38 | `STATUS_LABEL` / `TYPE_LABEL` 全英文硬编码 | 同上 |
+| [announcements/components/announcement-card.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-card.tsx) L9-28 | `STATUS_LABEL` / `TYPE_LABEL` 重复定义且硬编码 | 同上 |
+| [announcements/components/announcement-form.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-form.tsx) L86,92,98,108 | `"New Announcement"` / `"Title"` / `"Content"` 等硬编码 | 同上 |
+| [messaging/components/message-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/message-list.tsx) L81-88 | `"Inbox"` / `"Sent"` / `"Compose"` 硬编码 | 同上 |
+| [messaging/components/message-detail.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/message-detail.tsx) L38,74,99-106 | `"From"` / `"To"` / `"Message"` / `"New"` / `"Read"` / `"Sent"` 硬编码 | 同上 |
+| [messaging/components/message-compose.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/message-compose.tsx) L78,84,102,113 | `"Reply"` / `"New Message"` / `"To"` / `"Subject"` 硬编码 | 同上 |
+| [messaging/components/notification-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-list.tsx) L25-30,69-70 | `TYPE_LABEL` 硬编码，`"Notifications"` 标题硬编码 | 同上 |
+| [messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx) L113 | `"Notifications"` / `"Mark all read"` 硬编码 | 同上 |
+| `src/shared/i18n/messages/` | **无 `announcements.json` 或 `messages.json`** | 翻译文件结构不完整 |
+| [i18n/request.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/i18n/request.ts) L22-29 | 未加载 announcements/messages 翻译文件 | 翻译文件未注册 |
+
+**后果**：所有用户可见文本无法切换语言，中文用户看到全英文界面，严重影响 K12 学校教师/家长/学生的使用体验。同一组件中 `STATUS_LABEL` 重复定义（card 和 detail 各一份），维护成本高。
+
+### 2.2 角色硬编码与配置驱动缺失（P0）
+
+| 位置 | 代码 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [layout/config/navigation.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/layout/config/navigation.ts) L39 | `NAV_CONFIG: Partial<Record<Role, NavItem[]>>` 按角色分组 | "前端权限判断统一使用 `usePermission().hasPermission()`，严禁出现 `role === 'xxx'` 硬编码" |
+| 同上 L99-103, L247-251, L307-311, L343-347 | admin/teacher/student/parent 各自配置 `Announcements` 和 `Messages` 导航项 | 配置未抽象，新增角色需复制粘贴 |
+
+**后果**：新增角色（如 `grade_head` 已存在）无法享受公告/消息导航；导航配置按角色而非权限驱动，违反"配置驱动设计"原则。
+
+### 2.3 架构分层：页面层越权编排（P1）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [admin/announcements/page.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/page.tsx) L33-37 | 页面层 `Promise.all` 调用 announcements/school/classes 三个模块的 data-access | "app/ 只能调用 modules/ 的 Server Actions 和 data-access" — 虽语法允许，但编排逻辑应在模块 actions 层完成 |
+| [messages/page.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/page.tsx) L17-20 | 页面层并行调用 messaging 和 notifications 两个模块的 data-access | 同上 |
+| [announcements/page.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/page.tsx) L27-76 | `resolveAudience` 函数包含 50 行业务逻辑（根据 dataScope 解析受众） | 纯逻辑应抽为 hooks 或 data-access 层函数 |
+| announcements 模块无 `getAdminAnnouncementsPageData` 编排函数 | 缺失编排层 | "模块标准结构"要求 actions.ts 承担编排职责 |
+
+**后果**：页面层臃肿、逻辑不可复用、不可测试；多个页面需要相同数据时需复制编排逻辑。
+
+### 2.4 模块间组件耦合（P1）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [messaging/components/notification-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-list.tsx) L16 | 直接 `import type { Notification, NotificationType } from "@/modules/notifications/types"` | "模块内部组件绝不直接 import 其他业务模块的 actions 或 data-access（只能通过注入的接口调用）" |
+| [messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx) L27 | 同上，直接 import notifications 模块类型 | 同上 |
+| [messaging/components/notification-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-list.tsx) L15 | 直接 import `../actions` 中的 `markAllNotificationsAsReadAction` / `markNotificationAsReadAction` | messaging 模块的 actions re-export 了 notifications 的 actions，造成职责混乱 |
+| [messaging/actions.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/actions.ts) L196-248 | messaging 模块定义了 6 个通知相关 Action（`getNotificationsAction` / `markNotificationAsReadAction` 等） | 通知 Action 应由 notifications 模块提供，messaging 仅负责私信 |
+
+**后果**：messaging 和 notifications 模块在 UI 层和 Action 层深度耦合，无法独立替换或测试；notifications 模块的 UI 组件无法复用到其他场景。
+
+### 2.5 错误边界缺失（P1）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| `src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/error.tsx` | **缺失** | "每个独立的数据区块必须用 React Error Boundary 包裹" |
+| `src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/[id]/error.tsx` | **缺失** | 同上 |
+| `src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/error.tsx` | **缺失** | 同上 |
+| `src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/[id]/error.tsx` | **缺失** | 同上 |
+| `src/app/(dashboard)/messages/[id]/error.tsx` | **缺失** | 同上 |
+| `src/app/(dashboard)/messages/compose/error.tsx` | **缺失** | 同上 |
+| `src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/loading.tsx` | **缺失**（仅有用户端 loading） | 加载骨架屏不完整 |
+
+**后果**：数据加载失败时整页崩溃，用户体验差；无权限访问时显示原始错误而非友好提示。
+
+### 2.6 通知轮询性能问题（P1）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [notification-dropdown.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx) L65-68 | 每 30 秒轮询 `getNotificationsAction` + `getUnreadNotificationCountAction` | "性能：优先使用 React Server Components 获取初始数据" |
+| [unread-message-badge.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/unread-message-badge.tsx) L31-33 | 每 60 秒轮询 `getUnreadMessageCountAction` | 同上 |
+| 两个组件未使用 RSC 初始数据 | 客户端首次渲染无数据，需等待轮询 | "客户端组件仅负责交互" |
+
+**后果**：多用户同时在线时，每分钟产生大量无效请求；首屏渲染时无数据，显示空状态闪烁。
+
+### 2.7 公告表单校验不足（P1）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [schema.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/schema.ts) L9-10 | `targetGradeId` / `targetClassId` 为 optional，未根据 `type` 做条件必填校验 | "输入使用 Zod 验证，验证失败返回结构化错误" |
+| [announcement-form.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-form.tsx) L49-54 | `type === "grade"` 时不强制选择年级，`type === "class"` 时不强制选择班级 | 同上 |
+| [actions.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/actions.ts) L43-61 | `resolveTargetUserIds` 在 `type === "grade"` 但 `targetGradeId` 为空时返回空数组，公告无人接收 | 数据完整性缺失 |
+
+**后果**：管理员可能创建无受众的公告，发布公告后无人收到通知，且无任何错误提示。
+
+### 2.8 消息列表搜索逻辑复杂且无分页 UI（P1）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [message-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/message-list.tsx) L38-58 | 客户端 `useEffect` + `setTimeout` 防抖搜索，但未取消已发出的请求 | "可测试性：数据获取、计算、格式化等纯逻辑全部放入纯函数或 hooks" |
+| 同上 L71-74 | `filtered` 在客户端再次过滤 `displayMessages`，与已搜索结果重复过滤 | 逻辑冗余 |
+| 同上 L17 | 初始加载 `pageSize: 50`，但无分页 UI，超过 50 条无法查看 | "明确处理空数据、无权限、网络异常等边界状态" |
+| [messages/page.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/page.tsx) L18 | 一次性加载 50 条消息，无虚拟滚动 | 性能问题 |
+
+**后果**：消息超过 50 条时用户无法查看历史；搜索逻辑与 UI 混合，无法单独测试。
+
+### 2.9 无权限与空状态处理不友好（P1）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| 所有页面 | `requirePermission` 抛出 `PermissionDeniedError` 后，由上层 `error.tsx` 处理，但无专门的无权限空状态 | "明确处理空数据、无权限、网络异常等边界状态" |
+| [message-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/message-list.tsx) L116-127 | 空状态文本硬编码且未区分"无权限"与"无数据" | 同上 |
+| [notification-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-list.tsx) L80-86 | 通知空状态未提供"去设置通知偏好"等引导操作 | 用户体验不完整 |
+
+**后果**：用户无法区分"无数据"和"无权限"，无法找到下一步操作引导。
+
+### 2.10 可访问性问题（P2）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [message-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/message-list.tsx) L104-110 | 搜索框无 `aria-label`，仅靠 `placeholder` | "可访问性（a11y）：语义化标签、ARIA 属性、键盘导航" |
+| [notification-dropdown.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx) L139-144 | `DropdownMenuItem` 的 `onSelect` 阻止默认行为后手动调用 `handleMarkRead`，键盘导航时焦点处理不明确 | 同上 |
+| [announcement-card.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-card.tsx) L66-72 | 整个 Card 作为链接，但无 `aria-label` 描述跳转目标 | 同上 |
+| [notification-list.tsx](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-list.tsx) L118-124 | "Mark as read" 按钮无 `aria-label`，屏幕阅读器无法识别 | 同上 |
+
+**后果**：视障用户无法有效使用公告和消息功能，不符合 WCAG 2.1 AA 标准。
+
+### 2.11 监控埋点缺失（P2）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [announcements/actions.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/announcements/actions.ts) | 发布/归档/删除公告无埋点 | "监控：方案中预留关键操作埋点接口" |
+| [messaging/actions.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/actions.ts) | 发送/删除消息无埋点 | 同上 |
+| [notifications/data-access.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/notifications/data-access.ts) L167-173 | 仅 `console.info` 输出发送日志，无结构化埋点 | 同上 |
+
+**后果**：无法追踪公告阅读率、消息回复率等关键指标；通知发送失败无法告警。
+
+### 2.12 消息软删除无事务（P2）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| [messaging/data-access.ts](file:///e:/Desktop/CICD/src/modules/messaging/data-access.ts) L180-191 | `deleteMessage` 执行两个独立的 UPDATE（senderDeletedAt + receiverDeletedAt），无事务 | "安全性：所有敏感数据查询必须在 data-access 层结合当前用户权限过滤" |
+| 同上 | 两个 UPDATE 之间可能部分失败，导致数据不一致 | 数据完整性问题 |
+
+**后果**：发送方删除后接收方可能仍可见，或反之，造成数据不一致。
+
+### 2.13 测试覆盖不足（P2）
+
+| 位置 | 问题 | 违反规则 |
+|------|------|----------|
+| `tests/e2e/announcements.spec.ts` | 仅 2 个测试（未登录重定向 + 登录后可见），无管理端测试 | "可测试性" |
+| `tests/e2e/` | **无 messaging 模块 E2E 测试** | 同上 |
+| `src/modules/announcements/` | 无单元测试 | 同上 |
+| `src/modules/messaging/` | 无单元测试 | 同上 |
+| `src/modules/notifications/` | 无单元测试 | 同上 |
+
+**后果**：重构时无回归保障，关键业务逻辑（权限过滤、受众解析、通知分发）错误无法及时发现。
+
+---
+
+## 三、行业差距对比
+
+### 3.1 公告模块差距
+
+| 功能 | 行业优秀实践 | 当前状态 | 影响 |
+|------|-------------|----------|------|
+| 公告分类标签 | 支持自定义标签（紧急、活动、政策），可按标签筛选 | 仅 type（school/grade/class）和 status，无标签 | 教师无法快速筛选紧急公告 |
+| 已读回执 | 显示已读/未读用户列表，支持提醒未读 | 无已读回执，仅通知发送 | 管理员无法知道公告是否被阅读 |
+| 富文本编辑 | 支持富文本、图片、附件 | 仅纯文本 Textarea | 公告内容单调，无法插入图片 |
+| 定时发布 | 支持指定时间自动发布 | `publishedAt` 字段存在但表单未暴露 | 管理员无法提前安排公告 |
+| 公告置顶 | 支持置顶重要公告 | 无置顶功能 | 重要公告可能被新公告淹没 |
+| 多渠道推送 | 站内 + 短信 + 邮件 + 微信 | 已实现多渠道（notifications 模块） | ✅ 已达标 |
+| 评论互动 | 支持公告下评论或确认收到 | 无互动功能 | 无法收集公告反馈 |
+
+### 3.2 消息模块差距
+
+| 功能 | 行业优秀实践 | 当前状态 | 影响 |
+|------|-------------|----------|------|
+| 消息分组 | 按联系人分组显示对话 | 仅按时间列表，无对话分组 | 教师与同一家长的来回消息散落各处 |
+| 实时推送 | WebSocket / SSE 实时推送 | 30/60 秒轮询 | 消息延迟最高 30 秒，服务器压力大 |
+| 消息草稿 | 支持草稿自动保存 | 无草稿功能 | 用户意外离开页面内容丢失 |
+| 附件支持 | 支持发送文件附件 | 仅纯文本 | 无法发送作业截图等 |
+| 消息星标 | 支持标记重要消息 | 无星标功能 | 重要消息无法快速找回 |
+| 消息模板 | 支持常用消息模板 | 无模板 | 教师重复输入相同内容 |
+| 群发消息 | 支持按班级/年级群发 | 仅支持单发 | 教师需逐个发送通知 |
+| 消息搜索 | 全文搜索 + 按联系人/时间筛选 | 仅关键词搜索 subject + content | 无法按联系人筛选历史消息 |
+| 已读回执 | 实时显示对方已读状态 | 仅 `readAt` 字段，无实时更新 | 发送方不知道消息是否被看到 |
+
+### 3.3 通知模块差距
+
+| 功能 | 行业优秀实践 | 当前状态 | 影响 |
+|------|-------------|----------|------|
+| 通知分类管理 | 支持按类型分组（作业/成绩/公告/消息） | 仅按时间列表，类型仅作为 Badge | 用户无法快速找到特定类型通知 |
+| 通知静音 | 支持单类通知静音 | 有 `quietHours` 但仅全局免打扰 | 用户想静音作业通知但保留成绩通知无法实现 |
+| 通知归档 | 支持归档已处理通知 | 仅标记已读，无归档 | 通知列表越来越长 |
+| 通知优先级 | 支持高/中/低优先级 | 无优先级 | 紧急通知被普通通知淹没 |
+| 桌面推送 | 支持浏览器桌面通知 | 仅站内下拉 | 用户不打开页面就收不到通知 |
+
+### 3.4 多角色体验差距
+
+| 角色 | 痛点 | 当前状态 | 影响 |
+|------|------|----------|------|
+| admin | 公告管理需切换到独立页面 | `/admin/announcements` 与 `/announcements` 分离 | 管理员查看用户视角需切换路由 |
+| teacher | 消息收件人列表无法搜索 | `MessageCompose` 仅 Select 下拉 | 班级多时难以找到目标家长 |
+| parent | 无法主动给教师发消息 | 依赖 `getRecipients` 返回的列表 | 家长需等待教师先发消息才能回复 |
+| student | 公告无"确认收到"按钮 | 仅被动查看 | 学校无法确认学生是否看到公告 |
+
+---
+
+## 四、改进优先级建议
+
+### P0（紧急，影响核心功能与安全）
+
+1. **i18n 全覆盖**：创建 `announcements.json` 和 `messages.json` 翻译文件，重构所有组件使用 `useTranslations` 替换硬编码文本，更新 `i18n/request.ts` 加载新文件。
+2. **消除角色硬编码**：将 `NAV_CONFIG` 改为权限驱动配置，公告和消息导航项仅声明 `permission`，不按角色分组。
+3. **补充错误边界**：为所有缺失的页面添加 `error.tsx`，区分"无权限"、"未找到"、"网络错误"三种状态。
+
+### P1（重要，影响架构与体验）
+
+4. **解耦 messaging 与 notifications**：将通知相关组件（`notification-list.tsx`、`notification-dropdown.tsx`）迁移至 notifications 模块；messaging 模块仅保留私信组件；通过 Context 注入数据服务接口。
+5. **页面编排下沉**：在 announcements 和 messaging 模块新增 `getAdminAnnouncementsPageData` / `getMessagesPageData` 编排函数，页面层仅调用单一函数。
+6. **公告表单条件校验**：使用 Zod `superRefine` 根据 `type` 强制要求 `targetGradeId` / `targetClassId`。
+7. **消息列表分页与虚拟滚动**：添加分页 UI，超过 50 条时支持加载更多；搜索逻辑抽离为 `useMessageSearch` hook。
+8. **通知实时推送**：将 30 秒轮询替换为 SSE 或 WebSocket，减少无效请求；首屏使用 RSC 获取初始数据。
+9. **消息软删除事务化**：使用数据库事务包裹 `senderDeletedAt` 和 `receiverDeletedAt` 更新。
+
+### P2（优化，提升完整性与可维护性）
+
+10. **a11y 改进**：为搜索框、按钮、链接添加 `aria-label`；确保键盘导航完整。
+11. **监控埋点**：在关键 Action 中预留 `trackEvent` 接口，记录发布公告、发送消息、标记已读等操作。
+12. **测试覆盖**：补充 messaging 模块 E2E 测试；为 `resolveTargetUserIds`、`getRecipients`、`selectChannels` 等纯函数添加单元测试。
+13. **行业功能补齐**：公告已读回执、消息分组对话、消息草稿、通知优先级（按业务优先级逐步实施）。
+14. **架构图同步**：补充 announcements 组件目录、messaging 的 notification-dropdown/unread-message-badge 组件、客户端搜索行为、轮询机制。
+
+---
+
+## 五、架构图同步说明
+
+本次审计发现架构图存在以下遗漏，需补充：
+
+### 5.1 `004_architecture_impact_map.md` 需补充
+
+**§2.13 messaging 模块文件清单**：
+- 当前记录：`actions.ts` 276 行 / `data-access.ts` / `schema.ts` 41 行
+- 实际状态：`actions.ts` 312 行 / `data-access.ts` 246 行 / `schema.ts` 44 行 / `types.ts` 52 行
+- **遗漏组件**：`components/notification-dropdown.tsx`、`components/unread-message-badge.tsx` 未在文件清单中列出
+- **遗漏行为**：`notification-dropdown.tsx` 每 30 秒轮询、`unread-message-badge.tsx` 每 60 秒轮询
+
+**§2.16 announcements 模块文件清单**：
+- 当前记录：仅列出 actions/data-access/schema/types
+- **遗漏组件目录**：`components/` 下 5 个组件（`admin-announcements-view.tsx`、`announcement-card.tsx`、`announcement-detail.tsx`、`announcement-form.tsx`、`announcement-list.tsx`）未列出
+
+**§2.13 messaging 依赖关系**：
+- **遗漏**：`messaging/components/notification-list.tsx` 和 `notification-dropdown.tsx` 直接 import `@/modules/notifications/types`，存在跨模块 UI 类型依赖
+
+### 5.2 `005_architecture_data.json` 需补充
+
+- `modules.messaging.components` 数组缺少 `notification-dropdown.tsx` 和 `unread-message-badge.tsx` 两个节点
+- `modules.announcements.components` 数组完全缺失（5 个组件节点未记录）
+- `modules.messaging.exports` 缺少 `UnreadMessageBadge` 组件导出
+- `routes` 节点中 `/messages` 路由的 `dataAccess` 字段未记录客户端搜索行为（`getMessagesAction` 在客户端被调用）
+
+### 5.3 无需修改的部分
+
+- §2.14 notifications 模块记录完整准确
+- P0-4 / P1-5 修复历史记录准确
+- 依赖矩阵（§3）中 messaging → notifications 的单向依赖记录正确
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/[id]/error.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/[id]/error.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function EditAnnouncementError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
+        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("error.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/[id]/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/[id]/page.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { notFound } from "next/navigation"
 import type { Metadata } from "next"
 import type { JSX } from "react"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"

 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
@@ -8,13 +9,16 @@ import { getAnnouncementById } from "@/modules/announcements/data-access"
 import { getGrades } from "@/modules/school/data-access"
 import { AnnouncementForm } from "@/modules/announcements/components/announcement-form"

-export const metadata: Metadata = {
-  title: "编辑公告 - Next_Edu",
-  description: "更新公告详情",
-}
-
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"

+export async function generateMetadata(): Promise<Metadata> {
+  const t = await getTranslations("announcements")
+  return {
+    title: t("title.edit"),
+    description: t("description.edit"),
+  }
+}
+
 export default async function EditAnnouncementPage({
  params,
 }: {
@@ -22,6 +26,7 @@ export default async function EditAnnouncementPage({
 }): Promise<JSX.Element> {
  await requirePermission(Permissions.ANNOUNCEMENT_MANAGE)
  const { id } = await params
+  const t = await getTranslations("announcements")

  const [announcement, grades] = await Promise.all([
    getAnnouncementById(id),
@@ -33,8 +38,8 @@ export default async function EditAnnouncementPage({
  return (
    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
      <div>
-        <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">编辑公告</h2>
-        <p className="text-muted-foreground">更新公告详情。</p>
+        <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.edit")}</h2>
+        <p className="text-muted-foreground">{t("description.edit")}</p>
      </div>
      <AnnouncementForm
        mode="edit"
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/error.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/error.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function AdminAnnouncementsError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
+        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("error.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/admin/announcements/page.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import type { Metadata } from "next"
+import type { Metadata } from "next"
 import type { JSX } from "react"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"

 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
@@ -10,13 +11,16 @@ import { AdminAnnouncementsView } from "@/modules/announcements/components/admin
 import { getSearchParam, type SearchParams } from "@/shared/lib/utils"
 import type { AnnouncementStatus } from "@/modules/announcements/types"

-export const metadata: Metadata = {
-  title: "公告管理 - Next_Edu",
-  description: "管理系统公告，支持草稿、发布与归档",
-}
-
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"

+export async function generateMetadata(): Promise<Metadata> {
+  const t = await getTranslations("announcements")
+  return {
+    title: t("title.adminList"),
+    description: t("description.adminList"),
+  }
+}
+
 const isValidStatus = (v?: string): v is AnnouncementStatus =>
  v === "draft" || v === "published" || v === "archived"

--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/[id]/error.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/[id]/error.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function AnnouncementDetailError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
+        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("error.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/[id]/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/[id]/page.tsx
@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 import { notFound } from "next/navigation"
 import type { Metadata } from "next"
 import type { JSX } from "react"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"

 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 import { getAnnouncementById } from "@/modules/announcements/data-access"
 import { AnnouncementDetail } from "@/modules/announcements/components/announcement-detail"

-export const metadata: Metadata = {
-  title: "Announcement - Next_Edu",
-}
-
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"

+export async function generateMetadata(): Promise<Metadata> {
+  const t = await getTranslations("announcements")
+  return { title: t("title.detail") }
+}
+
 export default async function AnnouncementDetailPage({
  params,
 }: {
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/error.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/error.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function AnnouncementsError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
+        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("error.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/announcements/page.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { Metadata } from "next"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"

 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
@@ -12,8 +13,9 @@ import {

 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"

-export const metadata: Metadata = {
-  title: "Announcements",
+export async function generateMetadata(): Promise<Metadata> {
+  const t = await getTranslations("announcements")
+  return { title: t("title.list") }
 }

 /**
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ async function resolveAudience(ctx: {
 }

 export default async function AnnouncementsPage() {
+  const t = await getTranslations("announcements")
  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.ANNOUNCEMENT_READ)
  const audience = await resolveAudience(ctx)

@@ -87,9 +90,9 @@ export default async function AnnouncementsPage() {
  return (
    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
      <div>
-        <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Announcements</h2>
+        <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.list")}</h2>
        <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-          Stay up to date with the latest school announcements.
+          {t("description.list")}
        </p>
      </div>
      <AnnouncementList
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/[id]/error.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/[id]/error.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function MessageDetailError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
+        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("error.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/[id]/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/[id]/page.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import { notFound } from "next/navigation"
+import type { Metadata } from "next"
 import { after } from "next/server"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 import { getMessageById, markMessageAsRead } from "@/modules/messaging/data-access"
@@ -7,15 +9,16 @@ import { MessageDetail } from "@/modules/messaging/components/message-detail"

 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"

-export const metadata = {
-  title: "Message Detail",
+export async function generateMetadata(): Promise<Metadata> {
+  const t = await getTranslations("messages")
+  return { title: t("title.detail") }
 }

 export default async function MessageDetailPage({
  params,
 }: {
  params: Promise<{ id: string }>
-}) {
+}): Promise<JSX.Element> {
  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.MESSAGE_READ)
  const { id } = await params

--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/compose/error.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/compose/error.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function ComposeMessageError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
+        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("error.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/compose/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/compose/page.tsx
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+import type { Metadata } from "next"
+import type { JSX } from "react"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 import { getRecipients } from "@/modules/messaging/data-access"
@@ -5,17 +8,22 @@ import { MessageCompose } from "@/modules/messaging/components/message-compose"

 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"

-export const metadata = {
-  title: "Compose Message",
+export async function generateMetadata(): Promise<Metadata> {
+  const t = await getTranslations("messages")
+  return {
+    title: t("title.compose"),
+    description: t("description.compose"),
+  }
 }

 export default async function ComposeMessagePage({
  searchParams,
 }: {
  searchParams: Promise<{ parentId?: string; receiverId?: string; subject?: string }>
-}) {
+}): Promise<JSX.Element> {
  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.MESSAGE_SEND)
  const sp = await searchParams
+  const t = await getTranslations("messages")

  const recipients = await getRecipients(ctx.userId, ctx.dataScope)

@@ -23,8 +31,8 @@ export default async function ComposeMessagePage({
    <div className="flex h-full flex-col p-8">
      <div className="mx-auto w-full max-w-3xl space-y-6">
        <div>
-          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Compose Message</h2>
-          <p className="text-muted-foreground">Send a message to another user.</p>
+          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.compose")}</h2>
+          <p className="text-muted-foreground">{t("description.compose")}</p>
        </div>
        <MessageCompose
          recipients={recipients}
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/error.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/error.tsx
@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 "use client"

 import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"

 import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"

 export default function MessagesError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
  return (
    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
      <EmptyState
        icon={AlertCircle}
-        title="消息加载失败"
-        description="抱歉，加载消息时发生了意外错误。请稍后重试。"
+        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
+        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
        action={{
-          label: "重试",
+          label: t("error.retry"),
          onClick: () => reset(),
        }}
        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
--- a/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(dashboard)/messages/page.tsx
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
+
 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 import { getMessages } from "@/modules/messaging/data-access"
@@ -7,11 +9,13 @@ import { NotificationList } from "@/modules/messaging/components/notification-li

 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"

-export const metadata = {
-  title: "Messages",
+export async function generateMetadata() {
+  const t = await getTranslations("messages")
+  return { title: t("title.list") }
 }

 export default async function MessagesPage() {
+  const t = await getTranslations("messages")
  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.MESSAGE_READ)

  const [messagesResult, notificationsResult] = await Promise.all([
@@ -22,9 +26,9 @@ export default async function MessagesPage() {
  return (
    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
      <div>
-        <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Messages</h2>
+        <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.list")}</h2>
        <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-          Manage your inbox and stay updated with notifications.
+          {t("description.list")}
        </p>
      </div>

--- a/src/modules/announcements/components/admin-announcements-view.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/announcements/components/admin-announcements-view.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { useState } from "react"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
 import { PlusCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"

 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/dialog"
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ export function AdminAnnouncementsView({
  classes?: { id: string; name: string }[]
  initialStatus?: AnnouncementStatus
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [createOpen, setCreateOpen] = useState(false)

@@ -34,14 +36,14 @@ export function AdminAnnouncementsView({
    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
      <div className="flex items-center justify-between space-y-2">
        <div>
-          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Announcements</h2>
+          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.adminList")}</h2>
          <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-            Create and manage school-wide announcements.
+            {t("description.adminList")}
          </p>
        </div>
        <Button onClick={() => setCreateOpen(true)}>
          <PlusCircle className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-          New Announcement
+          {t("actions.new")}
        </Button>
      </div>

@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ export function AdminAnnouncementsView({
      <Dialog open={createOpen} onOpenChange={handleOpenChange}>
        <DialogContent className="max-h-[90vh] max-w-2xl overflow-y-auto">
          <DialogHeader>
-            <DialogTitle>New Announcement</DialogTitle>
+            <DialogTitle>{t("title.create")}</DialogTitle>
          </DialogHeader>
          <AnnouncementForm mode="create" grades={grades} classes={classes} />
        </DialogContent>
--- a/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-card.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-card.tsx
@@ -1,32 +1,13 @@
 "use client"

 import Link from "next/link"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
 import { Badge } from "@/shared/components/ui/badge"
 import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
 import { formatDate } from "@/shared/lib/utils"
 import type { Announcement } from "../types"

-const STATUS_LABEL: Record<Announcement["status"], string> = {
-  draft: "Draft",
-  published: "Published",
-  archived: "Archived",
-}
-
-const STATUS_VARIANT: Record<
-  Announcement["status"],
-  "default" | "secondary" | "outline"
-> = {
-  draft: "secondary",
-  published: "default",
-  archived: "outline",
-}
-
-const TYPE_LABEL: Record<Announcement["type"], string> = {
-  school: "School",
-  grade: "Grade",
-  class: "Class",
-}
-
 export function AnnouncementCard({
  announcement,
  href,
@@ -34,12 +15,20 @@ export function AnnouncementCard({
  announcement: Announcement
  href?: string
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
+
+  const statusVariant: Record<Announcement["status"], "default" | "secondary" | "outline"> = {
+    draft: "secondary",
+    published: "default",
+    archived: "outline",
+  }
+
  const card = (
    <Card className="h-full transition-colors hover:bg-accent/50">
      <CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-start justify-between gap-2 space-y-0">
        <CardTitle className="line-clamp-2 text-base">{announcement.title}</CardTitle>
-        <Badge variant={STATUS_VARIANT[announcement.status]} className="shrink-0">
-          {STATUS_LABEL[announcement.status]}
+        <Badge variant={statusVariant[announcement.status]} className="shrink-0">
+          {t(`status.${announcement.status}`)}
        </Badge>
      </CardHeader>
      <CardContent className="space-y-2">
@@ -48,15 +37,15 @@ export function AnnouncementCard({
        </p>
        <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
          <Badge variant="outline" className="capitalize">
-            {TYPE_LABEL[announcement.type]}
+            {t(`type.${announcement.type}`)}
          </Badge>
          <span>
            {announcement.publishedAt
-              ? `Published ${formatDate(announcement.publishedAt)}`
-              : `Updated ${formatDate(announcement.updatedAt)}`}
+              ? t("meta.publishedAt", { date: formatDate(announcement.publishedAt) })
+              : t("meta.updatedAt", { date: formatDate(announcement.updatedAt) })}
          </span>
          {announcement.authorName ? (
-            <span className="ml-auto">by {announcement.authorName}</span>
+            <span className="ml-auto">{t("meta.author", { name: announcement.authorName })}</span>
          ) : null}
        </div>
      </CardContent>
@@ -65,7 +54,7 @@ export function AnnouncementCard({

  if (href) {
    return (
-      <Link href={href} className="block h-full">
+      <Link href={href} className="block h-full" aria-label={announcement.title}>
        {card}
      </Link>
    )
--- a/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-detail.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-detail.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
 import { toast } from "sonner"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
 import {
  Archive,
  ArrowLeft,
@@ -16,16 +17,7 @@ import {
 import { Badge } from "@/shared/components/ui/badge"
 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
-import {
-  AlertDialog,
-  AlertDialogAction,
-  AlertDialogCancel,
-  AlertDialogContent,
-  AlertDialogDescription,
-  AlertDialogFooter,
-  AlertDialogHeader,
-  AlertDialogTitle,
-} from "@/shared/components/ui/alert-dialog"
+import { ConfirmDeleteDialog } from "@/shared/components/ui/confirm-delete-dialog"
 import { formatDate } from "@/shared/lib/utils"

 import {
@@ -35,18 +27,6 @@ import {
 } from "../actions"
 import type { Announcement } from "../types"

-const STATUS_LABEL: Record<Announcement["status"], string> = {
-  draft: "Draft",
-  published: "Published",
-  archived: "Archived",
-}
-
-const TYPE_LABEL: Record<Announcement["type"], string> = {
-  school: "School",
-  grade: "Grade",
-  class: "Class",
-}
-
 export function AnnouncementDetail({
  announcement,
  canManage,
@@ -58,6 +38,7 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
  editHref?: string
  backHref?: string
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [isWorking, setIsWorking] = useState(false)
  const [deleteOpen, setDeleteOpen] = useState(false)
@@ -70,10 +51,10 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
        toast.success(res.message)
        router.refresh()
      } else {
-        toast.error(res.message || "Failed to publish")
+        toast.error(res.message || t("messages.publishFailed"))
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to publish")
+      toast.error(t("messages.publishFailed"))
    } finally {
      setIsWorking(false)
    }
@@ -87,10 +68,10 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
        toast.success(res.message)
        router.refresh()
      } else {
-        toast.error(res.message || "Failed to archive")
+        toast.error(res.message || t("messages.archiveFailed"))
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to archive")
+      toast.error(t("messages.archiveFailed"))
    } finally {
      setIsWorking(false)
    }
@@ -105,10 +86,10 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
        router.push("/admin/announcements")
        router.refresh()
      } else {
-        toast.error(res.message || "Failed to delete")
+        toast.error(res.message || t("messages.deleteFailed"))
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to delete")
+      toast.error(t("messages.deleteFailed"))
    } finally {
      setIsWorking(false)
      setDeleteOpen(false)
@@ -120,33 +101,33 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
      <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
          {backHref ? (
-            <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="icon">
+            <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="icon" aria-label={t("actions.back")}>
              <Link href={backHref}>
                <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4" />
              </Link>
            </Button>
          ) : null}
-          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Announcement</h2>
+          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.detail")}</h2>
        </div>
        {canManage ? (
          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
            {announcement.status !== "published" ? (
              <Button onClick={handlePublish} disabled={isWorking} variant="outline">
                <Send className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                Publish
+                {t("actions.publish")}
              </Button>
            ) : null}
            {announcement.status !== "archived" ? (
              <Button onClick={handleArchive} disabled={isWorking} variant="outline">
                <Archive className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                Archive
+                {t("actions.archive")}
              </Button>
            ) : null}
            {editHref ? (
              <Button asChild>
                <Link href={editHref}>
                  <Pencil className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                  Edit
+                  {t("actions.edit")}
                </Link>
              </Button>
            ) : null}
@@ -156,7 +137,7 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
              variant="destructive"
            >
              <Trash2 className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-              Delete
+              {t("actions.delete")}
            </Button>
          </div>
        ) : null}
@@ -166,19 +147,19 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
        <CardHeader className="space-y-2">
          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
            <Badge variant="outline" className="capitalize">
-              {TYPE_LABEL[announcement.type]}
+              {t(`type.${announcement.type}`)}
            </Badge>
-            <Badge className="capitalize">{STATUS_LABEL[announcement.status]}</Badge>
+            <Badge className="capitalize">{t(`status.${announcement.status}`)}</Badge>
          </div>
          <CardTitle className="text-2xl">{announcement.title}</CardTitle>
          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
            <Megaphone className="h-3 w-3" />
            <span>
              {announcement.publishedAt
-                ? `Published ${formatDate(announcement.publishedAt)}`
-                : `Created ${formatDate(announcement.createdAt)}`}
+                ? t("meta.publishedAt", { date: formatDate(announcement.publishedAt) })
+                : t("meta.createdAt", { date: formatDate(announcement.createdAt) })}
            </span>
-            {announcement.authorName ? <span>by {announcement.authorName}</span> : null}
+            {announcement.authorName ? <span>{t("meta.author", { name: announcement.authorName })}</span> : null}
          </div>
        </CardHeader>
        <CardContent>
@@ -186,22 +167,14 @@ export function AnnouncementDetail({
        </CardContent>
      </Card>

-      <AlertDialog open={deleteOpen} onOpenChange={setDeleteOpen}>
-        <AlertDialogContent>
-          <AlertDialogHeader>
-            <AlertDialogTitle>Delete announcement</AlertDialogTitle>
-            <AlertDialogDescription>
-              This will permanently delete &quot;{announcement.title}&quot;.
-            </AlertDialogDescription>
-          </AlertDialogHeader>
-          <AlertDialogFooter>
-            <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isWorking}>Cancel</AlertDialogCancel>
-            <AlertDialogAction onClick={handleDelete} disabled={isWorking}>
-              Delete
-            </AlertDialogAction>
-          </AlertDialogFooter>
-        </AlertDialogContent>
-      </AlertDialog>
+      <ConfirmDeleteDialog
+        open={deleteOpen}
+        onOpenChange={setDeleteOpen}
+        title={t("empty.deleteTitle")}
+        description={t("empty.deleteDesc", { title: announcement.title })}
+        onConfirm={handleDelete}
+        isWorking={isWorking}
+      />
    </div>
  )
 }
--- a/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-form.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-form.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { useState } from "react"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
 import { toast } from "sonner"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"

 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { Card, CardContent, CardFooter, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({
  grades?: { id: string; name: string }[]
  classes?: { id: string; name: string }[]
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [isWorking, setIsWorking] = useState(false)

@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({
            : null

      if (!res) {
-        toast.error("Invalid form state")
+        toast.error(t("messages.invalidState"))
        return
      }

@@ -70,10 +72,10 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({
        router.push("/admin/announcements")
        router.refresh()
      } else {
-        toast.error(res.message || "Failed to save announcement")
+        toast.error(res.message || t("messages.updateFailed"))
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to save announcement")
+      toast.error(t("messages.updateFailed"))
    } finally {
      setIsWorking(false)
    }
@@ -83,28 +85,28 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({
    <Card>
      <CardHeader>
        <CardTitle>
-          {mode === "create" ? "New Announcement" : "Edit Announcement"}
+          {mode === "create" ? t("title.create") : t("title.edit")}
        </CardTitle>
      </CardHeader>
      <CardContent>
        <form action={handleSubmit} className="space-y-6">
          <div className="grid gap-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="title">Title</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="title">{t("form.title")}</Label>
            <Input
              id="title"
              name="title"
-              placeholder="Announcement title"
+              placeholder={t("form.titlePlaceholder")}
              defaultValue={announcement?.title ?? ""}
              required
            />
          </div>

          <div className="grid gap-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="content">Content</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="content">{t("form.content")}</Label>
            <Textarea
              id="content"
              name="content"
-              placeholder="Write the announcement content..."
+              placeholder={t("form.contentPlaceholder")}
              className="min-h-[160px]"
              defaultValue={announcement?.content ?? ""}
              required
@@ -113,30 +115,30 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({

          <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-4 md:grid-cols-2">
            <div className="grid gap-2">
-              <Label>Type</Label>
+              <Label>{t("form.type")}</Label>
              <Select value={type} onValueChange={setType}>
                <SelectTrigger>
-                  <SelectValue placeholder="Select type" />
+                  <SelectValue placeholder={t("form.typePlaceholder")} />
                </SelectTrigger>
                <SelectContent>
-                  <SelectItem value="school">School</SelectItem>
-                  <SelectItem value="grade">Grade</SelectItem>
-                  <SelectItem value="class">Class</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="school">{t("type.school")}</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="grade">{t("type.grade")}</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="class">{t("type.class")}</SelectItem>
                </SelectContent>
              </Select>
              <input type="hidden" name="type" value={type} />
            </div>

            <div className="grid gap-2">
-              <Label>Status</Label>
+              <Label>{t("form.status")}</Label>
              <Select value={status} onValueChange={setStatus}>
                <SelectTrigger>
-                  <SelectValue placeholder="Select status" />
+                  <SelectValue placeholder={t("form.statusPlaceholder")} />
                </SelectTrigger>
                <SelectContent>
-                  <SelectItem value="draft">Draft</SelectItem>
-                  <SelectItem value="published">Published</SelectItem>
-                  <SelectItem value="archived">Archived</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="draft">{t("status.draft")}</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="published">{t("status.published")}</SelectItem>
+                  <SelectItem value="archived">{t("status.archived")}</SelectItem>
                </SelectContent>
              </Select>
              <input type="hidden" name="status" value={status} />
@@ -144,10 +146,10 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({

            {type === "grade" ? (
              <div className="grid gap-2 md:col-span-2">
-                <Label>Target Grade</Label>
+                <Label>{t("form.targetGrade")}</Label>
                <Select value={targetGradeId} onValueChange={setTargetGradeId}>
                  <SelectTrigger>
-                    <SelectValue placeholder="Select a grade (optional)" />
+                    <SelectValue placeholder={t("form.targetGradePlaceholder")} />
                  </SelectTrigger>
                  <SelectContent>
                    {grades.map((g) => (
@@ -163,10 +165,10 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({

            {type === "class" ? (
              <div className="grid gap-2 md:col-span-2">
-                <Label>Target Class</Label>
+                <Label>{t("form.targetClass")}</Label>
                <Select value={targetClassId} onValueChange={setTargetClassId}>
                  <SelectTrigger>
-                    <SelectValue placeholder="Select a class (optional)" />
+                    <SelectValue placeholder={t("form.targetClassPlaceholder")} />
                  </SelectTrigger>
                  <SelectContent>
                    {classes.map((c) => (
@@ -188,10 +190,10 @@ export function AnnouncementForm({
              onClick={() => router.push("/admin/announcements")}
              disabled={isWorking}
            >
-              Cancel
+              {t("form.cancel")}
            </Button>
            <Button type="submit" disabled={isWorking}>
-              {isWorking ? "Saving..." : mode === "create" ? "Create" : "Save"}
+              {isWorking ? t("form.saving") : mode === "create" ? t("form.create") : t("form.submit")}
            </Button>
          </CardFooter>
        </form>
--- a/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-list.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/announcements/components/announcement-list.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 import { useMemo, useState } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
-import { Plus } from "lucide-react"
+import { Plus, Megaphone } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"

 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
@@ -14,20 +15,12 @@ import {
  SelectTrigger,
  SelectValue,
 } from "@/shared/components/ui/select"
-import { Megaphone } from "lucide-react"

 import { AnnouncementCard } from "./announcement-card"
 import type { Announcement, AnnouncementStatus } from "../types"

 type Filter = "all" | AnnouncementStatus

-const FILTER_OPTIONS: { value: Filter; label: string }[] = [
-  { value: "all", label: "All" },
-  { value: "published", label: "Published" },
-  { value: "draft", label: "Draft" },
-  { value: "archived", label: "Archived" },
-]
-
 export function AnnouncementList({
  announcements,
  canManage,
@@ -41,9 +34,17 @@ export function AnnouncementList({
  detailHrefBuilder?: (id: string) => string
  initialStatus?: Filter
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("announcements")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [filter, setFilter] = useState<Filter>(initialStatus ?? "all")

+  const filterOptions: { value: Filter; label: string }[] = [
+    { value: "all", label: t("filter.all") },
+    { value: "published", label: t("filter.published") },
+    { value: "draft", label: t("filter.draft") },
+    { value: "archived", label: t("filter.archived") },
+  ]
+
  const filtered = useMemo(() => {
    if (filter === "all") return announcements
    return announcements.filter((a) => a.status === filter)
@@ -62,10 +63,10 @@ export function AnnouncementList({
      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3">
        <Select value={filter} onValueChange={handleFilterChange}>
          <SelectTrigger className="w-[180px]">
-            <SelectValue placeholder="Filter by status" />
+            <SelectValue placeholder={t("filter.placeholder")} />
          </SelectTrigger>
          <SelectContent>
-            {FILTER_OPTIONS.map((opt) => (
+            {filterOptions.map((opt) => (
              <SelectItem key={opt.value} value={opt.value}>
                {opt.label}
              </SelectItem>
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ export function AnnouncementList({
          <Button asChild>
            <Link href={createHref}>
              <Plus className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-              New Announcement
+              {t("actions.new")}
            </Link>
          </Button>
        ) : null}
@@ -84,11 +85,11 @@ export function AnnouncementList({

      {filtered.length === 0 ? (
        <EmptyState
-          title="No announcements"
+          title={t("empty.noAnnouncements")}
          description={
            announcements.length === 0
-              ? "There are no announcements yet."
-              : "No announcements match the current filter."
+              ? t("empty.noAnnouncementsDesc")
+              : t("empty.noMatch")
          }
          icon={Megaphone}
          className="h-auto border-none shadow-none"
--- a/src/modules/messaging/components/message-compose.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/messaging/components/message-compose.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
 import { toast } from "sonner"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
 import { ArrowLeft, Send } from "lucide-react"

 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
@@ -35,13 +36,14 @@ export function MessageCompose({
  defaultSubject?: string
  backHref?: string
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [isWorking, setIsWorking] = useState(false)
  const [receiverId, setReceiverId] = useState(defaultReceiverId ?? "")

  const handleSubmit = async (formData: FormData) => {
    if (!receiverId) {
-      toast.error("Please select a recipient")
+      toast.error(t("messages.selectRecipient"))
      return
    }
    formData.set("receiverId", receiverId)
@@ -57,10 +59,10 @@ export function MessageCompose({
        router.push("/messages")
        router.refresh()
      } else {
-        toast.error(res.message || "Failed to send message")
+        toast.error(res.message || t("messages.sendFailed"))
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to send message")
+      toast.error(t("messages.sendFailed"))
    } finally {
      setIsWorking(false)
    }
@@ -70,21 +72,21 @@ export function MessageCompose({
    <Card>
      <CardHeader>
        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-          <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="icon">
+          <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="icon" aria-label={t("actions.back")}>
            <Link href={backHref}>
              <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4" />
            </Link>
          </Button>
-          <CardTitle>{parentMessageId ? "Reply" : "New Message"}</CardTitle>
+          <CardTitle>{parentMessageId ? t("title.reply") : t("title.newMessage")}</CardTitle>
        </div>
      </CardHeader>
      <CardContent>
        <form action={handleSubmit} className="space-y-6">
          <div className="grid gap-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="receiverId">To</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="receiverId">{t("form.to")}</Label>
            <Select value={receiverId} onValueChange={setReceiverId} disabled={!!defaultReceiverId}>
              <SelectTrigger>
-                <SelectValue placeholder="Select a recipient" />
+                <SelectValue placeholder={t("form.toPlaceholder")} />
              </SelectTrigger>
              <SelectContent>
                {recipients.map((r) => (
@@ -99,22 +101,22 @@ export function MessageCompose({
          </div>

          <div className="grid gap-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="subject">Subject</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="subject">{t("form.subject")}</Label>
            <Input
              id="subject"
              name="subject"
-              placeholder="Message subject"
+              placeholder={t("form.subjectPlaceholder")}
              defaultValue={defaultSubject ?? ""}
              maxLength={255}
            />
          </div>

          <div className="grid gap-2">
-            <Label htmlFor="content">Content</Label>
+            <Label htmlFor="content">{t("form.content")}</Label>
            <Textarea
              id="content"
              name="content"
-              placeholder="Write your message..."
+              placeholder={t("form.contentPlaceholder")}
              className="min-h-[200px]"
              required
            />
@@ -127,15 +129,15 @@ export function MessageCompose({
              onClick={() => router.push(backHref)}
              disabled={isWorking}
            >
-              Cancel
+              {t("actions.cancel")}
            </Button>
            <Button type="submit" disabled={isWorking || !receiverId}>
              {isWorking ? (
-                "Sending..."
+                t("actions.sending")
              ) : (
                <>
                  <Send className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                  Send
+                  {t("actions.send")}
                </>
              )}
            </Button>
--- a/src/modules/messaging/components/message-detail.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/messaging/components/message-detail.tsx
@@ -4,21 +4,13 @@ import { useState } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
 import { toast } from "sonner"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
 import { ArrowLeft, Mail, Reply, Trash2 } from "lucide-react"

 import { Badge } from "@/shared/components/ui/badge"
 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
-import {
-  AlertDialog,
-  AlertDialogAction,
-  AlertDialogCancel,
-  AlertDialogContent,
-  AlertDialogDescription,
-  AlertDialogFooter,
-  AlertDialogHeader,
-  AlertDialogTitle,
-} from "@/shared/components/ui/alert-dialog"
+import { ConfirmDeleteDialog } from "@/shared/components/ui/confirm-delete-dialog"
 import { formatDate } from "@/shared/lib/utils"
 import { usePermission } from "@/shared/hooks/use-permission"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
@@ -35,6 +27,7 @@ export function MessageDetail({
  currentUserId: string
  backHref?: string
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [isWorking, setIsWorking] = useState(false)
  const [deleteOpen, setDeleteOpen] = useState(false)
@@ -44,7 +37,7 @@ export function MessageDetail({

  const isReceived = message.receiverId === currentUserId
  const counterpart = isReceived ? message.senderName : message.receiverName
-  const counterpartLabel = isReceived ? "From" : "To"
+  const counterpartLabel = isReceived ? t("meta.from") : t("meta.to")

  const handleDelete = async () => {
    setIsWorking(true)
@@ -55,10 +48,10 @@ export function MessageDetail({
        router.push("/messages")
        router.refresh()
      } else {
-        toast.error(res.message || "Failed to delete")
+        toast.error(res.message || t("messages.deleteFailed"))
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to delete")
+      toast.error(t("messages.deleteFailed"))
    } finally {
      setIsWorking(false)
      setDeleteOpen(false)
@@ -75,26 +68,26 @@ export function MessageDetail({
    <div className="space-y-6">
      <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-          <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="icon">
+          <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="icon" aria-label={t("actions.back")}>
            <Link href={backHref}>
              <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4" />
            </Link>
          </Button>
-          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Message</h2>
+          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.detail")}</h2>
        </div>
        <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
          {canSend ? (
            <Button asChild variant="outline">
              <Link href={replyHref ?? "#"}>
                <Reply className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                Reply
+                {t("actions.reply")}
              </Link>
            </Button>
          ) : null}
          {canDelete ? (
            <Button onClick={() => setDeleteOpen(true)} disabled={isWorking} variant="destructive">
              <Trash2 className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-              Delete
+              {t("actions.delete")}
            </Button>
          ) : null}
        </div>
@@ -103,26 +96,26 @@ export function MessageDetail({
      <Card>
        <CardHeader className="space-y-2">
          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
-            <Mail className="text-muted-foreground h-4 w-4" />
+            <Mail className="text-muted-foreground h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
            {isReceived && !message.isRead ? (
-              <Badge variant="default">New</Badge>
+              <Badge variant="default">{t("status.new")}</Badge>
            ) : isReceived ? (
-              <Badge variant="secondary">Read</Badge>
+              <Badge variant="secondary">{t("status.read")}</Badge>
            ) : (
-              <Badge variant="outline">Sent</Badge>
+              <Badge variant="outline">{t("status.sent")}</Badge>
            )}
          </div>
-          <CardTitle className="text-2xl">{message.subject ?? "(no subject)"}</CardTitle>
+          <CardTitle className="text-2xl">{message.subject ?? t("meta.noSubject")}</CardTitle>
          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
            <span>
-              {counterpartLabel}: <span className="font-medium">{counterpart ?? "Unknown"}</span>
+              {counterpartLabel}: <span className="font-medium">{counterpart ?? t("meta.unknown")}</span>
            </span>
            <span>·</span>
            <span>{formatDate(message.createdAt)}</span>
            {message.readAt && isReceived ? (
              <>
                <span>·</span>
-                <span>Read {formatDate(message.readAt)}</span>
+                <span>{t("meta.readAt", { date: formatDate(message.readAt) })}</span>
              </>
            ) : null}
          </div>
@@ -132,22 +125,14 @@ export function MessageDetail({
        </CardContent>
      </Card>

-      <AlertDialog open={deleteOpen} onOpenChange={setDeleteOpen}>
-        <AlertDialogContent>
-          <AlertDialogHeader>
-            <AlertDialogTitle>Delete message</AlertDialogTitle>
-            <AlertDialogDescription>
-              This will permanently delete the message &quot;{message.subject ?? "(no subject)"}&quot;.
-            </AlertDialogDescription>
-          </AlertDialogHeader>
-          <AlertDialogFooter>
-            <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isWorking}>Cancel</AlertDialogCancel>
-            <AlertDialogAction onClick={handleDelete} disabled={isWorking}>
-              Delete
-            </AlertDialogAction>
-          </AlertDialogFooter>
-        </AlertDialogContent>
-      </AlertDialog>
+      <ConfirmDeleteDialog
+        open={deleteOpen}
+        onOpenChange={setDeleteOpen}
+        title={t("empty.deleteTitle")}
+        description={t("empty.deleteDesc", { subject: message.subject ?? t("meta.noSubject") })}
+        onConfirm={handleDelete}
+        isWorking={isWorking}
+      />
    </div>
  )
 }
--- a/src/modules/messaging/components/message-list.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/messaging/components/message-list.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { Mail, MailOpen, Plus, Send, Inbox, Search, Loader2 } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"

 import { Badge } from "@/shared/components/ui/badge"
 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ export function MessageList({
  currentUserId: string
  initialType?: MessageType
 }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
  const [tab, setTab] = useState<Tab>(initialType === "sent" ? "sent" : "inbox")
  const [keyword, setKeyword] = useState("")
  const [searchResults, setSearchResults] = useState<{ kw: string; tab: Tab; items: Message[] } | null>(null)
@@ -80,11 +82,11 @@ export function MessageList({
          <TabsList>
            <TabsTrigger value="inbox" className="gap-2">
              <Inbox className="h-4 w-4" />
-              Inbox
+              {t("tabs.inbox")}
            </TabsTrigger>
            <TabsTrigger value="sent" className="gap-2">
              <Send className="h-4 w-4" />
-              Sent
+              {t("tabs.sent")}
            </TabsTrigger>
          </TabsList>
        </Tabs>
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ export function MessageList({
          <Button asChild>
            <Link href="/messages/compose">
              <Plus className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-              Compose
+              {t("actions.compose")}
            </Link>
          </Button>
        ) : null}
@@ -100,26 +102,27 @@ export function MessageList({

      {/* 搜索框 */}
      <div className="relative">
-        <Search className="text-muted-foreground absolute left-3 top-1/2 size-4 -translate-y-1/2" />
+        <Search className="text-muted-foreground absolute left-3 top-1/2 size-4 -translate-y-1/2" aria-hidden="true" />
        <Input
          type="search"
-          placeholder="Search messages by subject or content..."
+          aria-label={t("search.placeholder")}
+          placeholder={t("search.placeholder")}
          value={keyword}
          onChange={(e) => setKeyword(e.target.value)}
          className="pl-9"
        />
        {searching ? (
-          <Loader2 className="text-muted-foreground absolute right-3 top-1/2 size-4 -translate-y-1/2 animate-spin" />
+          <Loader2 className="text-muted-foreground absolute right-3 top-1/2 size-4 -translate-y-1/2 animate-spin" aria-hidden="true" />
        ) : null}
      </div>

      {filtered.length === 0 ? (
        <EmptyState
-          title={tab === "inbox" ? "Inbox is empty" : "No sent messages"}
+          title={tab === "inbox" ? t("empty.inboxEmpty") : t("empty.sentEmpty")}
          description={
            tab === "inbox"
-              ? "You have no incoming messages yet."
-              : "You have not sent any messages yet."
+              ? t("empty.inboxEmptyDesc")
+              : t("empty.sentEmptyDesc")
          }
          icon={Mail}
          className="h-auto border-none shadow-none"
@@ -131,23 +134,23 @@ export function MessageList({
            const counterpart = isReceived ? m.senderName : m.receiverName
            const unread = isReceived && !m.isRead
            return (
-              <Link key={m.id} href={`/messages/${m.id}`} className="block">
+              <Link key={m.id} href={`/messages/${m.id}`} className="block" aria-label={m.subject ?? t("meta.noSubject")}>
                <Card className={cn("transition-colors hover:bg-accent/50", unread && "border-primary/40")}>
                  <CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-start justify-between gap-2 space-y-0 pb-3">
                    <div className="space-y-1">
                      <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                        {unread ? (
-                          <Mail className="h-4 w-4 text-primary" />
+                          <Mail className="h-4 w-4 text-primary" aria-hidden="true" />
                        ) : (
-                          <MailOpen className="text-muted-foreground h-4 w-4" />
+                          <MailOpen className="text-muted-foreground h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
                        )}
                        <span className={cn("text-sm font-medium", unread && "text-primary")}>
-                          {m.subject ?? "(no subject)"}
+                          {m.subject ?? t("meta.noSubject")}
                        </span>
-                        {unread ? <Badge variant="default" className="text-xs">New</Badge> : null}
+                        {unread ? <Badge variant="default" className="text-xs">{t("status.new")}</Badge> : null}
                      </div>
                      <p className="text-muted-foreground text-xs">
-                        {isReceived ? "From" : "To"}: {counterpart ?? "Unknown"}
+                        {isReceived ? t("meta.from") : t("meta.to")}: {counterpart ?? t("meta.unknown")}
                      </p>
                    </div>
                    <span className="text-muted-foreground shrink-0 text-xs">
--- a/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-dropdown.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
 import { Bell, CheckCheck, MessageSquare, Megaphone, PenTool, GraduationCap } from "lucide-react"

 import { Badge } from "@/shared/components/ui/badge"
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ const TYPE_ICON: Record<NotificationType, typeof Bell> = {
 }

 export function NotificationDropdown() {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [notifications, setNotifications] = useState<Notification[]>([])
  const [unreadCount, setUnreadCount] = useState(0)
@@ -96,8 +98,8 @@ export function NotificationDropdown() {
  return (
    <DropdownMenu open={open} onOpenChange={setOpen}>
      <DropdownMenuTrigger asChild>
-        <Button variant="ghost" size="icon" className="relative text-muted-foreground">
-          <Bell className="size-5" />
+        <Button variant="ghost" size="icon" className="relative text-muted-foreground" aria-label={t("title.notifications")}>
+          <Bell className="size-5" aria-hidden="true" />
          {unreadCount > 0 ? (
            <Badge
              variant="destructive"
@@ -106,20 +108,20 @@ export function NotificationDropdown() {
              {unreadCount > 9 ? "9+" : unreadCount}
            </Badge>
          ) : null}
-          <span className="sr-only">Notifications</span>
+          <span className="sr-only">{t("title.notifications")}</span>
        </Button>
      </DropdownMenuTrigger>
      <DropdownMenuContent align="end" className="w-80 p-0">
        <DropdownMenuLabel className="flex items-center justify-between">
-          <span>Notifications</span>
+          <span>{t("title.notifications")}</span>
          {unreadCount > 0 ? (
            <button
              type="button"
              onClick={handleMarkAllRead}
              className="text-primary text-xs hover:underline"
            >
-              <CheckCheck className="mr-1 inline h-3 w-3" />
-              Mark all read
+              <CheckCheck className="mr-1 inline h-3 w-3" aria-hidden="true" />
+              {t("actions.markAllRead")}
            </button>
          ) : null}
        </DropdownMenuLabel>
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ export function NotificationDropdown() {
        <ScrollArea className="max-h-[320px]">
          {notifications.length === 0 ? (
            <div className="text-muted-foreground px-4 py-8 text-center text-sm">
-              No notifications
+              {t("empty.noNotificationsDropdown")}
            </div>
          ) : (
            notifications.map((n) => {
@@ -144,12 +146,12 @@ export function NotificationDropdown() {
                  }}
                >
                  <div className="bg-muted mt-0.5 flex size-7 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-full">
-                    <Icon className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+                    <Icon className="h-3.5 w-3.5" aria-hidden="true" />
                  </div>
                  <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 space-y-0.5">
                    <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                      {!n.isRead ? (
-                        <span className="bg-primary size-1.5 shrink-0 rounded-full" />
+                        <span className="bg-primary size-1.5 shrink-0 rounded-full" aria-hidden="true" />
                      ) : null}
                      <span className={cn("text-xs", !n.isRead ? "font-semibold" : "font-medium")}>
                        {n.title}
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@ export function NotificationDropdown() {
        <DropdownMenuSeparator className="mt-0" />
        <DropdownMenuItem asChild>
          <Link href="/messages" className="text-primary justify-center text-xs">
-            View all notifications
+            {t("actions.viewAll")}
          </Link>
        </DropdownMenuItem>
      </DropdownMenuContent>
--- a/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-list.tsx
+++ b/src/modules/messaging/components/notification-list.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { useRouter } from "next/navigation"
 import { toast } from "sonner"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
 import { Bell, CheckCheck, MessageSquare, Megaphone, PenTool, GraduationCap } from "lucide-react"

 import { Badge } from "@/shared/components/ui/badge"
@@ -22,14 +23,8 @@ const TYPE_ICON: Record<NotificationType, typeof Bell> = {
  grade: GraduationCap,
 }

-const TYPE_LABEL: Record<NotificationType, string> = {
-  message: "Message",
-  announcement: "Announcement",
-  homework: "Homework",
-  grade: "Grade",
-}
-
 export function NotificationList({ notifications }: { notifications: Notification[] }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("messages")
  const router = useRouter()
  const [isWorking, setIsWorking] = useState(false)
  const hasUnread = notifications.some((n) => !n.isRead)
@@ -42,10 +37,10 @@ export function NotificationList({ notifications }: { notifications: Notificatio
        toast.success(res.message)
        router.refresh()
      } else {
-        toast.error(res.message || "Failed to mark all as read")
+        toast.error(res.message || t("messages.markReadFailed"))
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to mark all as read")
+      toast.error(t("messages.markReadFailed"))
    } finally {
      setIsWorking(false)
    }
@@ -58,7 +53,7 @@ export function NotificationList({ notifications }: { notifications: Notificatio
        router.refresh()
      }
    } catch {
-      toast.error("Failed to mark as read")
+      toast.error(t("messages.markReadFailed"))
    }
  }

@@ -66,21 +61,21 @@ export function NotificationList({ notifications }: { notifications: Notificatio
    <div className="space-y-6">
      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3">
        <div>
-          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Notifications</h2>
-          <p className="text-muted-foreground text-sm">Stay updated on your latest activities.</p>
+          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("title.notifications")}</h2>
+          <p className="text-muted-foreground text-sm">{t("description.notifications")}</p>
        </div>
        {hasUnread ? (
          <Button onClick={handleMarkAllRead} disabled={isWorking} variant="outline">
            <CheckCheck className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-            Mark all as read
+            {t("actions.markAllRead")}
          </Button>
        ) : null}
      </div>

      {notifications.length === 0 ? (
        <EmptyState
-          title="No notifications"
-          description="You have no notifications yet."
+          title={t("empty.noNotifications")}
+          description={t("empty.noNotificationsDesc")}
          icon={Bell}
          className="h-auto border-none shadow-none"
        />
@@ -95,14 +90,14 @@ export function NotificationList({ notifications }: { notifications: Notificatio
              >
                <CardContent className="flex items-start gap-3 py-4">
                  <div className="bg-muted flex size-9 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-full">
-                    <Icon className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    <Icon className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
                  </div>
                  <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 space-y-1">
                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                      <span className={cn("text-sm", !n.isRead ? "font-semibold" : "font-medium")}>
                        {n.title}
                      </span>
-                      {!n.isRead ? <Badge variant="default" className="text-xs">New</Badge> : null}
+                      {!n.isRead ? <Badge variant="default" className="text-xs">{t("status.new")}</Badge> : null}
                    </div>
                    {n.content ? (
                      <p className="text-muted-foreground line-clamp-2 text-sm whitespace-pre-wrap">
@@ -111,7 +106,7 @@ export function NotificationList({ notifications }: { notifications: Notificatio
                    ) : null}
                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-muted-foreground">
                      <Badge variant="outline" className="text-xs">
-                        {TYPE_LABEL[n.type]}
+                        {t(`notificationType.${n.type}`)}
                      </Badge>
                      <span>{formatDate(n.createdAt)}</span>
                      {!n.isRead ? (
@@ -119,13 +114,14 @@ export function NotificationList({ notifications }: { notifications: Notificatio
                          type="button"
                          onClick={() => handleMarkRead(n.id)}
                          className="text-primary hover:underline"
+                          aria-label={t("actions.markRead")}
                        >
-                          Mark as read
+                          {t("actions.markRead")}
                        </button>
                      ) : null}
                      {n.link ? (
                        <Link href={n.link} className="ml-auto text-primary hover:underline">
-                          View
+                          {t("actions.view")}
                        </Link>
                      ) : null}
                    </div>
--- a/src/shared/i18n/messages/en/announcements.json
+++ b/src/shared/i18n/messages/en/announcements.json
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+{
+  "title": {
+    "list": "Announcements",
+    "detail": "Announcement",
+    "adminList": "Announcement Management",
+    "edit": "Edit Announcement",
+    "create": "New Announcement"
+  },
+  "description": {
+    "list": "Stay up to date with the latest school announcements.",
+    "adminList": "Create and manage school-wide announcements.",
+    "edit": "Update the announcement details."
+  },
+  "filter": {
+    "all": "All",
+    "published": "Published",
+    "draft": "Draft",
+    "archived": "Archived",
+    "placeholder": "Filter by status"
+  },
+  "status": {
+    "draft": "Draft",
+    "published": "Published",
+    "archived": "Archived"
+  },
+  "type": {
+    "school": "School",
+    "grade": "Grade",
+    "class": "Class"
+  },
+  "form": {
+    "title": "Title",
+    "titlePlaceholder": "Announcement title",
+    "content": "Content",
+    "contentPlaceholder": "Write the announcement content...",
+    "type": "Type",
+    "typePlaceholder": "Select type",
+    "status": "Status",
+    "statusPlaceholder": "Select status",
+    "targetGrade": "Target Grade",
+    "targetGradePlaceholder": "Select a grade (optional)",
+    "targetClass": "Target Class",
+    "targetClassPlaceholder": "Select a class (optional)",
+    "submit": "Save",
+    "create": "Create",
+    "cancel": "Cancel",
+    "saving": "Saving..."
+  },
+  "actions": {
+    "new": "New Announcement",
+    "publish": "Publish",
+    "archive": "Archive",
+    "edit": "Edit",
+    "delete": "Delete",
+    "back": "Back"
+  },
+  "messages": {
+    "created": "Announcement created",
+    "updated": "Announcement updated",
+    "deleted": "Announcement deleted",
+    "published": "Announcement published",
+    "archived": "Announcement archived",
+    "notFound": "Announcement not found",
+    "createFailed": "Failed to save announcement",
+    "updateFailed": "Failed to save announcement",
+    "publishFailed": "Failed to publish",
+    "archiveFailed": "Failed to archive",
+    "deleteFailed": "Failed to delete",
+    "invalidForm": "Invalid form data",
+    "invalidState": "Invalid form state"
+  },
+  "meta": {
+    "publishedAt": "Published {date}",
+    "createdAt": "Created {date}",
+    "updatedAt": "Updated {date}",
+    "author": "by {name}"
+  },
+  "empty": {
+    "noAnnouncements": "No announcements",
+    "noAnnouncementsDesc": "There are no announcements yet.",
+    "noMatch": "No announcements match the current filter.",
+    "deleteTitle": "Delete announcement",
+    "deleteDesc": "This will permanently delete \"{title}\"."
+  },
+  "error": {
+    "loadFailed": "Failed to load announcements",
+    "loadFailedDesc": "Sorry, an unexpected error occurred while loading announcements. Please try again later.",
+    "retry": "Retry"
+  }
+}
--- a/src/shared/i18n/messages/en/messages.json
+++ b/src/shared/i18n/messages/en/messages.json
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+{
+  "title": {
+    "list": "Messages",
+    "detail": "Message",
+    "compose": "Compose Message",
+    "reply": "Reply",
+    "newMessage": "New Message",
+    "notifications": "Notifications"
+  },
+  "description": {
+    "list": "Manage your inbox and stay updated with notifications.",
+    "compose": "Send a message to another user.",
+    "notifications": "Stay updated on your latest activities."
+  },
+  "tabs": {
+    "inbox": "Inbox",
+    "sent": "Sent"
+  },
+  "actions": {
+    "compose": "Compose",
+    "reply": "Reply",
+    "delete": "Delete",
+    "markRead": "Mark as read",
+    "markAllRead": "Mark all as read",
+    "send": "Send",
+    "sending": "Sending...",
+    "cancel": "Cancel",
+    "back": "Back",
+    "viewAll": "View all notifications",
+    "view": "View"
+  },
+  "form": {
+    "to": "To",
+    "toPlaceholder": "Select a recipient",
+    "subject": "Subject",
+    "subjectPlaceholder": "Message subject",
+    "content": "Content",
+    "contentPlaceholder": "Write your message...",
+    "selectRecipient": "Please select a recipient"
+  },
+  "status": {
+    "new": "New",
+    "read": "Read",
+    "sent": "Sent",
+    "unread": "Unread"
+  },
+  "meta": {
+    "from": "From",
+    "to": "To",
+    "unknown": "Unknown",
+    "noSubject": "(no subject)",
+    "readAt": "Read {date}"
+  },
+  "notificationType": {
+    "message": "Message",
+    "announcement": "Announcement",
+    "homework": "Homework",
+    "grade": "Grade"
+  },
+  "search": {
+    "placeholder": "Search messages by subject or content...",
+    "noResults": "No matching messages found"
+  },
+  "empty": {
+    "inboxEmpty": "Inbox is empty",
+    "inboxEmptyDesc": "You have no incoming messages yet.",
+    "sentEmpty": "No sent messages",
+    "sentEmptyDesc": "You have not sent any messages yet.",
+    "noNotifications": "No notifications",
+    "noNotificationsDesc": "You have no notifications yet.",
+    "noNotificationsDropdown": "No notifications",
+    "deleteTitle": "Delete message",
+    "deleteDesc": "This will permanently delete the message \"{subject}\"."
+  },
+  "messages": {
+    "sent": "Message sent",
+    "deleted": "Message deleted",
+    "markedRead": "Marked as read",
+    "allMarkedRead": "All notifications marked as read",
+    "notificationMarkedRead": "Notification marked as read",
+    "sendSelf": "Cannot send a message to yourself",
+    "sendFailed": "Failed to send message",
+    "deleteFailed": "Failed to delete",
+    "markReadFailed": "Failed to mark as read",
+    "notFound": "Message not found",
+    "invalidId": "Invalid message id",
+    "selectRecipient": "Please select a recipient"
+  },
+  "error": {
+    "loadFailed": "Failed to load messages",
+    "loadFailedDesc": "Sorry, an unexpected error occurred while loading messages. Please try again later.",
+    "retry": "Retry"
+  }
+}
--- a/src/shared/i18n/messages/zh-CN/announcements.json
+++ b/src/shared/i18n/messages/zh-CN/announcements.json
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+{
+  "title": {
+    "list": "公告",
+    "detail": "公告详情",
+    "adminList": "公告管理",
+    "edit": "编辑公告",
+    "create": "新建公告"
+  },
+  "description": {
+    "list": "随时了解学校最新公告动态。",
+    "adminList": "创建并管理全校公告。",
+    "edit": "更新公告详情。"
+  },
+  "filter": {
+    "all": "全部",
+    "published": "已发布",
+    "draft": "草稿",
+    "archived": "已归档",
+    "placeholder": "按状态筛选"
+  },
+  "status": {
+    "draft": "草稿",
+    "published": "已发布",
+    "archived": "已归档"
+  },
+  "type": {
+    "school": "全校",
+    "grade": "年级",
+    "class": "班级"
+  },
+  "form": {
+    "title": "标题",
+    "titlePlaceholder": "公告标题",
+    "content": "内容",
+    "contentPlaceholder": "请输入公告内容...",
+    "type": "类型",
+    "typePlaceholder": "选择类型",
+    "status": "状态",
+    "statusPlaceholder": "选择状态",
+    "targetGrade": "目标年级",
+    "targetGradePlaceholder": "选择年级（可选）",
+    "targetClass": "目标班级",
+    "targetClassPlaceholder": "选择班级（可选）",
+    "submit": "保存",
+    "create": "创建",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "saving": "保存中..."
+  },
+  "actions": {
+    "new": "新建公告",
+    "publish": "发布",
+    "archive": "归档",
+    "edit": "编辑",
+    "delete": "删除",
+    "back": "返回"
+  },
+  "messages": {
+    "created": "公告已创建",
+    "updated": "公告已更新",
+    "deleted": "公告已删除",
+    "published": "公告已发布",
+    "archived": "公告已归档",
+    "notFound": "公告不存在",
+    "createFailed": "创建公告失败",
+    "updateFailed": "保存公告失败",
+    "publishFailed": "发布失败",
+    "archiveFailed": "归档失败",
+    "deleteFailed": "删除失败",
+    "invalidForm": "表单数据无效",
+    "invalidState": "表单状态无效"
+  },
+  "meta": {
+    "publishedAt": "发布于 {date}",
+    "createdAt": "创建于 {date}",
+    "updatedAt": "更新于 {date}",
+    "author": "作者：{name}"
+  },
+  "empty": {
+    "noAnnouncements": "暂无公告",
+    "noAnnouncementsDesc": "目前还没有任何公告。",
+    "noMatch": "当前筛选条件下暂无公告。",
+    "deleteTitle": "删除公告",
+    "deleteDesc": "此操作将永久删除"{title}"。"
+  },
+  "error": {
+    "loadFailed": "公告加载失败",
+    "loadFailedDesc": "抱歉，加载公告时发生了意外错误。请稍后重试。",
+    "retry": "重试"
+  }
+}
--- a/src/shared/i18n/messages/zh-CN/messages.json
+++ b/src/shared/i18n/messages/zh-CN/messages.json
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+{
+  "title": {
+    "list": "消息",
+    "detail": "消息详情",
+    "compose": "撰写消息",
+    "reply": "回复",
+    "newMessage": "新消息",
+    "notifications": "通知"
+  },
+  "description": {
+    "list": "管理收件箱并随时掌握通知动态。",
+    "compose": "向其他用户发送消息。",
+    "notifications": "随时了解最新动态。"
+  },
+  "tabs": {
+    "inbox": "收件箱",
+    "sent": "已发送"
+  },
+  "actions": {
+    "compose": "撰写",
+    "reply": "回复",
+    "delete": "删除",
+    "markRead": "标记已读",
+    "markAllRead": "全部标记已读",
+    "send": "发送",
+    "sending": "发送中...",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "back": "返回",
+    "viewAll": "查看全部通知",
+    "view": "查看"
+  },
+  "form": {
+    "to": "收件人",
+    "toPlaceholder": "选择收件人",
+    "subject": "主题",
+    "subjectPlaceholder": "消息主题",
+    "content": "内容",
+    "contentPlaceholder": "请输入消息内容...",
+    "selectRecipient": "请选择收件人"
+  },
+  "status": {
+    "new": "新",
+    "read": "已读",
+    "sent": "已发送",
+    "unread": "未读"
+  },
+  "meta": {
+    "from": "发件人",
+    "to": "收件人",
+    "unknown": "未知",
+    "noSubject": "（无主题）",
+    "readAt": "阅读于 {date}"
+  },
+  "notificationType": {
+    "message": "消息",
+    "announcement": "公告",
+    "homework": "作业",
+    "grade": "成绩"
+  },
+  "search": {
+    "placeholder": "按主题或内容搜索消息...",
+    "noResults": "未找到匹配的消息"
+  },
+  "empty": {
+    "inboxEmpty": "收件箱为空",
+    "inboxEmptyDesc": "您还没有收到任何消息。",
+    "sentEmpty": "无已发送消息",
+    "sentEmptyDesc": "您还没有发送任何消息。",
+    "noNotifications": "暂无通知",
+    "noNotificationsDesc": "您还没有任何通知。",
+    "noNotificationsDropdown": "暂无通知",
+    "deleteTitle": "删除消息",
+    "deleteDesc": "此操作将永久删除消息"{subject}"。"
+  },
+  "messages": {
+    "sent": "消息已发送",
+    "deleted": "消息已删除",
+    "markedRead": "已标记为已读",
+    "allMarkedRead": "全部已标记为已读",
+    "notificationMarkedRead": "通知已标记为已读",
+    "sendSelf": "不能给自己发送消息",
+    "sendFailed": "发送消息失败",
+    "deleteFailed": "删除失败",
+    "markReadFailed": "标记已读失败",
+    "notFound": "消息不存在",
+    "invalidId": "消息 ID 无效",
+    "selectRecipient": "请选择收件人"
+  },
+  "error": {
+    "loadFailed": "消息加载失败",
+    "loadFailedDesc": "抱歉，加载消息时发生了意外错误。请稍后重试。",
+    "retry": "重试"
+  }
+}