feat(dashboard): 新增分区 Error Boundary + Suspense 骨架屏（P2）

新增 components/dashboard-section.tsx，包含：

- DashboardSectionErrorBoundary：分区级 Error Boundary，单区块崩溃仅替换该区块不波及整页

- DashboardSectionSkeleton：5 种骨架变体（stats/card/chart/table/list），匹配不同数据区块布局

- DashboardSection：组合 Error Boundary + Suspense + 骨架屏的包装器

将 admin/teacher/student 三个仪表盘视图的每个独立数据区块用 DashboardSection 包裹，i18n 补充 sectionLoadFailed/sectionLoadFailedDesc 翻译键，同步更新架构图 004/005 文档

docs/architecture/004_architecture_impact_map.md

@@ -799,19 +799,29 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 
 ## 2.10 attendance（考勤模块）— 结构典范
 
-**职责**：考勤记录管理 + 统计分析。
+**职责**：考勤记录管理 + 统计分析 + 规则配置。
 
 **导出函数**：
-- Actions：`getAttendanceRecordsAction` / `createAttendanceRecordAction` / `updateAttendanceRecordAction` / `deleteAttendanceRecordAction` / `getStudentAttendanceAction` / `getAttendanceStatsAction`
-- Data-access：`getAttendanceRecords` / `createAttendanceRecord` / `updateAttendanceRecord` / `deleteAttendanceRecord` / `getClassStudentsForAttendance` / `getAttendanceStats`（管理员考勤总览页统计概览，基于 `getAttendanceRecords` 聚合）
-- Components：`AttendanceStatsCards`（管理员考勤总览页 6 卡片统计概览）
+- Actions（10 个）：`recordAttendanceAction` / `batchRecordAttendanceAction` / `updateAttendanceAction` / `deleteAttendanceAction` / `getAttendanceAction` / `getStudentAttendanceAction` / `getClassAttendanceStatsAction` / `getClassAttendanceForDateAction` / `saveAttendanceRulesAction` / `getAttendanceRulesAction`
+- Data-access：`getAttendanceRecords` / `createAttendanceRecord` / `updateAttendanceRecord` / `deleteAttendanceRecord` / `getClassStudentsForAttendance` / `getAttendanceStats`（管理员考勤总览页统计概览，基于 `getAttendanceRecords` 聚合）/ `upsertAttendanceRules` / `getAttendanceRules`
+- Data-access-stats：`getStudentAttendanceSummary` / `getClassAttendanceStats` / `computeStats`（⚠️ 未导出，无法单测）
+- Components：`AttendanceSheet`（批量点名表单）/ `AttendanceRecordList`（记录列表 + 删除）/ `AttendanceFilters`（URL 同步筛选器）/ `AttendanceStatsCard`（单卡片统计）/ `AttendanceStatsCards`（管理员 6 卡片总览）/ `AttendanceStatsClassSelector`（班级筛选 ChipNav）/ `AttendanceRulesForm`（规则配置表单）/ `StudentAttendanceView`（学生/家长只读视图）
 
 **依赖关系**：
-- 依赖：`shared/*`、`@/auth`、`classes`（✅ P1-1 已修复：通过 classes data-access.getTeacherClasses/getAdminClasses）
-- 被依赖：无
+- 依赖：`shared/*`、`@/auth`、`classes`（⚠️ P1-1 未修复：`getClassStudentsForAttendance` 仍直查 `classEnrollments` 表）
+- 被依赖：`parent`（⚠️ 跨模块 UI 类型依赖：3 个 parent 组件直接 import `@/modules/attendance/types`）
 
-**已知问题**：
-- ✅ P1-1 已修复：~~`getClassStudentsForAttendance` 直查 `classEnrollments`~~ 改为通过 classes data-access 获取
+**已知问题**（详见 `docs/architecture/audit/attendance-elective-audit-report.md`）：
+- ❌ P0：`getAttendanceStats` 统计失真——调用 `getAttendanceRecords`（默认 pageSize=20）后对 `items` 聚合，仅基于前 20 条记录计算总览数据
+- ❌ P0：`getClassStudentsForAttendance` 仍直查 `classEnrollments` 表（架构图此前声称已修复，实际未修复）
+- ❌ P0：6 个读 Action 无调用方（页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access），违反三层架构
+- ❌ P0：update/delete Action 缺资源归属校验（教师 A 可修改/删除教师 B 的记录）
+- ❌ P0：i18n 完全缺失（`ATTENDANCE_STATUS_LABELS` 硬编码英文，组件中硬编码中文）
+- ❌ P0：错误边界完全缺失（5 个角色目录均无 `error.tsx`）
+- ⚠️ P1：`computeStats` 未导出，无法单测
+- ⚠️ P1：`attendance-sheet.tsx` 使用 `window.confirm`（与项目 AlertDialog 模式不一致）
+- ⚠️ P1：`attendance-sheet.tsx` 存在 `{} as Record<AttendanceStatus, number>` 类型断言
+- ⚠️ P1：`STATUS_OPTIONS`/`SHORTCUTS`/`STYLES` 常量在 types.ts 与 attendance-sheet.tsx 重复定义
 - ✅ stats 独立拆分为 `data-access-stats.ts`（拆分范例）
 - ✅ DataScope 完整接入 6 种 scope 类型
 - ✅ actions 层无直接 DB 访问
@@ -819,11 +829,19 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 **文件清单**：
 | 文件 | 行数 | 职责 |
 |------|------|------|
-| `actions.ts` | 271 | 6 个 Server Action |
-| `data-access.ts` | 309 | 考勤 CRUD + 管理员统计概览 |
-| `data-access-stats.ts` | 145 | 统计逻辑（拆分范例） |
-| `schema.ts` | - | Zod 校验 |
-| `types.ts` | - | 类型定义 |
+| `actions.ts` | 271 | 10 个 Server Action（含权限校验、Zod 校验） |
+| `data-access.ts` | 309 | 考勤 CRUD + 班级学生查询 + 规则 upsert + 总览统计 |
+| `data-access-stats.ts` | 145 | 学生/班级考勤汇总（拆分范例，`computeStats` 未导出） |
+| `schema.ts` | 43 | Zod 校验（5 个 schema） |
+| `types.ts` | 103 | 类型定义 + 状态标签/颜色常量（硬编码英文） |
+| `components/attendance-sheet.tsx` | 353 | 批量点名表单（键盘快捷键、状态按钮组） |
+| `components/attendance-record-list.tsx` | 130 | 考勤记录列表 + 删除对话框 |
+| `components/attendance-filters.tsx` | 97 | URL 同步筛选器（班级/状态/日期） |
+| `components/attendance-stats-card.tsx` | 81 | 单卡片统计（8 指标） |
+| `components/attendance-stats-cards.tsx` | 80 | 管理员总览 6 卡片网格（硬编码中文） |
+| `components/attendance-stats-class-selector.tsx` | 27 | 班级筛选 ChipNav |
+| `components/attendance-rules-form.tsx` | 148 | 考勤规则配置表单 |
+| `components/student-attendance-view.tsx` | 104 | 学生/家长视图（统计 + 最近记录） |
 
 ---
 
@@ -890,6 +908,7 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 - ✅ P0 已修复（2026-06-22）：根重定向页 `/dashboard` 改用 `resolvePermissions()` + 权限点判断，不再 `role === "xxx"` 硬编码
 - ✅ P0 已修复（2026-06-22）：所有仪表盘组件接入 next-intl（`useTranslations` / `getTranslations`），翻译文件 `messages/{zh-CN,en}/dashboard.json`
 - ✅ P1 已修复（2026-06-22）：业务逻辑（weekday 转换、作业统计、教师指标计算、问候语时段）抽取至 `lib/dashboard-utils.ts` 纯函数，与 UI 分离
+- ✅ P2 已修复（2026-06-22）：新增 `components/dashboard-section.tsx`，每个独立数据区块用 Error Boundary + Suspense + 骨架屏包裹，单区块崩溃/加载不波及整页（5 种骨架变体：stats/card/chart/table/list）
 - ℹ️ V1 新增：`AdminDashboardData` 类型含 `userGrowth`/`homeworkTrend` 字段，`data-access.ts` 当前返回空数组占位，待后续接入真实统计
 - ℹ️ parent 仪表盘组件仍位于 `modules/parent/components/parent-dashboard.tsx`，通过 `dashboard/actions.getParentDashboardAction` 调用（架构决策：保留在 parent 模块以避免移动文件破坏其他 import）
 
@@ -900,6 +919,7 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 | `data-access.ts` | 49 | admin 仪表盘数据聚合（并行调用各模块 stats 函数） |
 | `lib/dashboard-utils.ts` | 170 | 纯逻辑工具函数（weekday / 统计 / 排序 / 指标计算 / 问候语） |
 | `types.ts` | 74 | Admin / Teacher / Student 类型定义 |
+| `components/dashboard-section.tsx` | 165 | 分区 Error Boundary + Suspense + 骨架屏（5 种变体：stats/card/chart/table/list） |
 | `components/admin-dashboard/admin-dashboard.tsx` | 267 | 管理员仪表盘视图（i18n） |
 | `components/admin-dashboard/user-growth-chart.tsx` | 50 | recharts 折线图（i18n） |
 | `components/teacher-dashboard/*.tsx` | 9 文件 | 教师仪表盘组件（i18n） |
@@ -1023,6 +1043,9 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 - ✅ 已修复：管理端列表页传递 `classes` 数据给 `AdminAnnouncementsView`
 - ✅ 已修复：发布公告时（`publishAnnouncementAction` / `createAnnouncementAction` 直接发布 / `updateAnnouncementAction` 状态变为 published）触发通知模块 `sendBatchNotifications`
 - ✅ 已修复：新增 `loading.tsx` 骨架屏（用户端 + 管理端）
+- ✅ P1 已修复：~~全模块零 i18n，中英文案硬编码~~ 所有组件接入 next-intl（`useTranslations("announcements")`），新增 `src/shared/i18n/messages/{zh-CN,en}/announcements.json` 翻译字典（title/description/filter/status/type/form/actions/messages/meta/empty/error 共 11 个命名空间）；所有页面 `page.tsx` 使用 `generateMetadata` + `getTranslations` 替代硬编码 metadata
+- ✅ P1 已修复：~~缺 Error Boundary~~ 新增 4 个 `error.tsx` 错误边界（`/announcements`、`/announcements/[id]`、`/admin/announcements`、`/admin/announcements/[id]`），统一使用 `EmptyState` + i18n 错误文案 + 重试按钮
+- ✅ P2 已修复：a11y 改进，`announcement-card.tsx` / `announcement-detail.tsx` 添加 `aria-label`
 
 **文件清单**：
 | 文件 | 行数 | 职责 |
@@ -1134,10 +1157,13 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 - ✅ MOBILE-P04：作业/成绩列表项 `min-h-[44px]` 触摸区域
 
 **依赖关系**：
-- 依赖：`shared/*`、`@/auth`、`classes`（合理）、`homework`（合理）、`grades`（合理）、`users`（合理）、`school`（合理）、`attendance`（v4 新增：考勤页复用 `StudentAttendanceView`）
+- 依赖：`shared/*`、`@/auth`、`classes`（合理）、`homework`（合理）、`grades`（合理）、`users`（合理）、`school`（合理）、`attendance`（v4 新增：考勤页复用 `StudentAttendanceView`；⚠️ 跨模块 UI 类型依赖：3 个组件直接 import `@/modules/attendance/types`）
 - 被依赖：无
 
 **已知问题**：
+- ⚠️ P1：3 个 parent 组件（`parent-attendance-warning.tsx`/`parent-attendance-rate-card.tsx`/`parent-attendance-calendar.tsx`）直接 import `@/modules/attendance/types`，违反模块解耦原则（应通过 data-access 接口或 shared 类型抽象）
+- ⚠️ P1：parent-attendance-calendar.tsx 重新定义 `STATUS_DOT`/`STATUS_LABEL` 常量，与 attendance 模块重复
+- ⚠️ P1：3 个 parent 组件的纯函数（`buildWarnings`/`aggregate`/`rateTone`/`formatDateKey`/`parseDateKey`/`buildCalendarDays`/`isSameDay`）未导出，无法单测
 - ✅ P1 已修复：~~`app/(dashboard)/parent/children/[studentId]/page.tsx` 直接访问 DB（违反三层架构）~~ 改为调用 `verifyParentChildRelation` data-access 函数
 - ✅ P1 已修复：~~权限校验未加 parentId 条件，存在信息泄露风险~~ `verifyParentChildRelation` 同时按 parentId + studentId 过滤
 - ✅ P2 已修复：~~`getChildBasicInfo` 多次串行查询~~ 改为 `Promise.all` 并行化，并使用 `getStudentActiveClass` 一次 JOIN
@@ -1187,16 +1213,25 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 **职责**：选修课程管理 + 学生选课 + 抽签。
 
 **导出函数**：
-- Actions：`getElectiveCoursesAction` / `createElectiveCourseAction` / `updateElectiveCourseAction` / `deleteElectiveCourseAction` / `getStudentSelectionsAction` / `selectCourseAction` / `dropCourseAction` / `runLotteryAction` / `getAvailableCoursesForStudentAction`
+- Actions（11 个）：`getElectiveCoursesAction` / `createElectiveCourseAction` / `updateElectiveCourseAction` / `deleteElectiveCourseAction` / `getStudentSelectionsAction` / `selectCourseAction` / `dropCourseAction` / `runLotteryAction` / `getAvailableCoursesForStudentAction` / `openSelectionAction` / `closeSelectionAction`
 - Data-access：`getElectiveCourses` / `getElectiveCourseById` / `createElectiveCourse` / `updateElectiveCourse` / `deleteElectiveCourse` / `openSelection` / `closeSelection` / `buildCourseSelect` / `mapCourseRow` / `resolveCourseDisplayNames` / `CourseCoreRow`（P3 新增导出，供 data-access-selections 复用）
-- Data-access-operations：`selectCourse` / `dropCourse` / `runLottery`
+- Data-access-operations：`selectCourse` / `dropCourse` / `runLottery` / `buildLotteryRankCase`（⚠️ 未导出，无法单测）
 - Data-access-selections：`getCourseSelections` / `getStudentSelections` / `getStudentGradeId` / `getAvailableCoursesForStudent`
+- Components：`ElectiveCourseList`（课程卡片网格 + 管理操作）/ `ElectiveCourseForm`（课程创建/编辑表单）/ `ElectiveFilters`（nuqs 筛选栏）/ `StudentSelectionView`（学生选课视图）
 
 **依赖关系**：
 - 依赖：`shared/*`、`@/auth`、`school`（✅ P3 已修复：通过 school data-access.getSubjectOptions/getGradeOptions 获取科目/年级名称，不再直查 subjects/grades 表）、`users`（✅ P3 已修复：通过 users data-access.getUserNamesByIds 获取教师姓名，不再直查 users 表）、`classes`（通过 classes data-access.getStudentActiveGradeId 获取学生年级）
 - 被依赖：无
 
-**已知问题**：
+**已知问题**（详见 `docs/architecture/audit/attendance-elective-audit-report.md`）：
+- ❌ P0：3 个读 Action 无调用方（`getElectiveCoursesAction`/`getStudentSelectionsAction`/`getAvailableCoursesForStudentAction`），页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access
+- ❌ P0：update/delete/select/drop/lottery Action 缺资源归属校验（教师 A 可操作教师 B 的课程，学生可退选他人课程）
+- ❌ P0：i18n 完全缺失（4 组标签/颜色常量硬编码英文，组件中硬编码中文）
+- ❌ P0：错误边界完全缺失（3 个角色目录均无 `error.tsx`）
+- ⚠️ P1：`elective-course-form.tsx` 存在 `v as "fcfs" | "lottery"` 类型断言
+- ⚠️ P1：`elective-course-list.tsx` 存在 `null as never` 类型逃逸
+- ⚠️ P1：`buildLotteryRankCase` 未导出，无法单测
+- ⚠️ P1：`SELECTION_MODE_LABELS` 已定义但表单未复用，硬编码 Select 选项
 - ✅ P1 已修复：~~`buildCourseSelect` 跨模块 join users/subjects/grades 表~~ 改为只查 electiveCourses 表，通过 `resolveCourseDisplayNames` 调用 school/users data-access 获取显示名称
 - ✅ P1 已修复：~~`getSubjectOptions` 本地直查 subjects 表且与 school 模块重复~~ 删除本地实现，改用 `school/data-access.getSubjectOptions`
 - ✅ P1 已修复：~~`selectCourse`/`dropCourse` 缺事务包裹~~ 改为 `db.transaction` 包裹，FCFS 模式下使用 `FOR UPDATE` 行锁防止并发超卖
@@ -1211,9 +1246,13 @@ src/auth.ts ──▶ import { ... } from "@/shared/lib/permissions"
 | `actions.ts` | 304 | 11 个 Server Action |
 | `data-access.ts` | 250 | 课程 CRUD + scope 过滤 + 共享映射函数（P3 重构：移除跨模块 join，通过 school/users data-access 获取显示名称） |
 | `data-access-operations.ts` | 245 | 选课操作（select/drop/lottery，P3 重构：事务包裹 + FOR UPDATE 锁 + Fisher-Yates 洗牌） |
-| `data-access-selections.ts` | 189 | 选课记录查询 |
+| `data-access-selections.ts` | 149 | 选课记录查询 + 学生可选课程 |
 | `schema.ts` | 132 | Zod 校验 |
-| `types.ts` | 108 | 类型定义 + 标签常量 |
+| `types.ts` | 108 | 类型定义 + 4 组标签/颜色常量（硬编码英文） |
+| `components/elective-course-list.tsx` | 233 | 课程卡片网格 + 管理操作 |
+| `components/elective-course-form.tsx` | 293 | 课程创建/编辑表单 |
+| `components/elective-filters.tsx` | 49 | nuqs 筛选栏（搜索 + 模式） |
+| `components/student-selection-view.tsx` | 250 | 学生选课视图（已选 + 可选） |
 
 ---
 

docs/architecture/005_architecture_data.json

@@ -5822,6 +5822,29 @@
             "purpose": "根据当前小时返回问候语时段 key"
           }
         ],
+        "components": [
+          {
+            "name": "DashboardSection",
+            "path": "components/dashboard-section.tsx",
+            "purpose": "分区 Error Boundary + Suspense + 骨架屏包装器，包裹每个独立数据区块",
+            "variants": ["stats", "card", "chart", "table", "list"],
+            "usedBy": [
+              "admin-dashboard.tsx",
+              "teacher-dashboard-view.tsx",
+              "student-dashboard-view.tsx"
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "DashboardSectionErrorBoundary",
+            "path": "components/dashboard-section.tsx",
+            "purpose": "仪表盘分区级 Error Boundary（class component），单区块崩溃仅替换该区块"
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "DashboardSectionSkeleton",
+            "path": "components/dashboard-section.tsx",
+            "purpose": "分区骨架屏，5 种变体匹配不同数据区块布局"
+          }
+        ],
         "dataAccess": [
           {
             "name": "getAdminDashboardData",
@@ -9830,9 +9853,9 @@
               "requirePermission",
               "data-access.getAttendanceRecords"
             ],
-            "usedBy": [
-              "teacher/attendance/page.tsx",
-              "admin/attendance/page.tsx"
+            "usedBy": [],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 无调用方——admin/teacher 页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access.getAttendanceRecords，违反三层架构"
             ]
           },
           {
@@ -9844,9 +9867,9 @@
               "requirePermission",
               "data-access-stats.getStudentAttendanceSummary"
             ],
-            "usedBy": [
-              "student/attendance/page.tsx",
-              "parent/attendance/page.tsx"
+            "usedBy": [],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 无调用方——student/parent 页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access-stats.getStudentAttendanceSummary"
             ]
           },
           {
@@ -9858,8 +9881,9 @@
               "requirePermission",
               "data-access-stats.getClassAttendanceStats"
             ],
-            "usedBy": [
-              "teacher/attendance/stats/page.tsx"
+            "usedBy": [],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 无调用方——teacher/attendance/stats 页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access-stats.getClassAttendanceStats"
             ]
           },
           {
@@ -9994,6 +10018,9 @@
             ],
             "usedBy": [
               "attendance-sheet.tsx"
+            ],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 跨模块直查 classEnrollments 表，违反模块间只能通过对方 data-access 通信的规则（应改为调用 classes data-access）"
             ]
           },
           {
@@ -10061,6 +10088,9 @@
             ],
             "usedBy": [
               "admin/attendance/page.tsx"
+            ],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 统计失真——调用 getAttendanceRecords（默认 pageSize=20）后对 items 聚合，仅基于前 20 条记录计算总览数据，班级/状态/日期筛选后仍只统计前 20 条"
             ]
           }
         ],
@@ -11643,9 +11673,9 @@
               "requirePermission(ELECTIVE_READ)",
               "data-access.getElectiveCourses (scope, currentUserId)"
             ],
-            "usedBy": [
-              "admin/elective/page.tsx",
-              "teacher/elective/page.tsx"
+            "usedBy": [],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 无调用方——admin/teacher 页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access.getElectiveCourses，违反三层架构"
             ]
           },
           {
@@ -11658,8 +11688,9 @@
               "requirePermission(ELECTIVE_READ)",
               "data-access-selections.getStudentSelections"
             ],
-            "usedBy": [
-              "待扩展"
+            "usedBy": [],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 无调用方——页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access-selections.getStudentSelections"
             ]
           },
           {
@@ -11672,8 +11703,9 @@
               "requirePermission(ELECTIVE_SELECT)",
               "data-access-selections.getAvailableCoursesForStudent"
             ],
-            "usedBy": [
-              "待扩展"
+            "usedBy": [],
+            "issues": [
+              "P0: 无调用方——student/elective 页面绕过 Action 直接调用 data-access-selections.getAvailableCoursesForStudent"
             ]
           }
         ],
@@ -12763,8 +12795,8 @@
           }
         ],
         "messages": [
-          "src/shared/i18n/messages/zh-CN/{common,auth,onboarding,classes,errors}.json",
-          "src/shared/i18n/messages/en/{common,auth,onboarding,classes,errors}.json"
+          "src/shared/i18n/messages/zh-CN/{common,auth,onboarding,classes,errors,dashboard,examHomework,announcements,messages}.json",
+          "src/shared/i18n/messages/en/{common,auth,onboarding,classes,errors,dashboard,examHomework,announcements,messages}.json"
         ]
       },
       "routes": {},
@@ -13214,7 +13246,8 @@
         ],
         "attendance": [
           "data-access-stats.getStudentAttendanceSummary",
-          "components.student-attendance-view"
+          "components.student-attendance-view",
+          "types.StudentAttendanceSummary (⚠️ 跨模块 UI 类型依赖：parent-attendance-warning.tsx / parent-attendance-rate-card.tsx / parent-attendance-calendar.tsx 直接 import)"
         ]
       }
     },

src/modules/dashboard/components/admin-dashboard/admin-dashboard.tsx

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from "@/shared/components/ui/table"
 import { formatDate } from "@/shared/lib/utils"
+import { DashboardSection } from "../dashboard-section"
 import { UserGrowthChart } from "./user-growth-chart"
 
 export async function AdminDashboardView({ data }: { data: AdminDashboardData }) {
@@ -62,12 +63,14 @@ export async function AdminDashboardView({ data }: { data: AdminDashboardData })
         }
       />
 
-      <div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4">
-        <StatCard title={t("stats.users")} value={data.userCount} icon={Users} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
-        <StatCard title={t("stats.classes")} value={data.classCount} icon={LayoutDashboard} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
-        <StatCard title={t("stats.homeworkPublished")} value={data.homeworkAssignmentPublishedCount} icon={ClipboardList} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
-        <StatCard title={t("stats.toGrade")} value={data.homeworkSubmissionToGradeCount} icon={FileText} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
-      </div>
+      <DashboardSection variant="stats">
+        <div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4">
+          <StatCard title={t("stats.users")} value={data.userCount} icon={Users} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
+          <StatCard title={t("stats.classes")} value={data.classCount} icon={LayoutDashboard} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
+          <StatCard title={t("stats.homeworkPublished")} value={data.homeworkAssignmentPublishedCount} icon={ClipboardList} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
+          <StatCard title={t("stats.toGrade")} value={data.homeworkSubmissionToGradeCount} icon={FileText} valueClassName="tabular-nums" />
+        </div>
+      </DashboardSection>
 
       {/* 快捷操作 */}
       <div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3">
@@ -111,108 +114,120 @@ export async function AdminDashboardView({ data }: { data: AdminDashboardData })
 
       {/* 趋势图表 */}
       <div className="grid gap-6 lg:grid-cols-2">
-        <Card>
-          <CardHeader>
-            <CardTitle className="text-base">{t("sections.userGrowthTrend")}</CardTitle>
-          </CardHeader>
-          <CardContent>
-            <UserGrowthChart data={data.userGrowth} />
-          </CardContent>
-        </Card>
-        <Card>
-          <CardHeader>
-            <CardTitle className="text-base">{t("sections.homeworkSubmissionTrend")}</CardTitle>
-          </CardHeader>
-          <CardContent>
-            <UserGrowthChart data={data.homeworkTrend} />
-          </CardContent>
-        </Card>
+        <DashboardSection variant="chart">
+          <Card>
+            <CardHeader>
+              <CardTitle className="text-base">{t("sections.userGrowthTrend")}</CardTitle>
+            </CardHeader>
+            <CardContent>
+              <UserGrowthChart data={data.userGrowth} />
+            </CardContent>
+          </Card>
+        </DashboardSection>
+        <DashboardSection variant="chart">
+          <Card>
+            <CardHeader>
+              <CardTitle className="text-base">{t("sections.homeworkSubmissionTrend")}</CardTitle>
+            </CardHeader>
+            <CardContent>
+              <UserGrowthChart data={data.homeworkTrend} />
+            </CardContent>
+          </Card>
+        </DashboardSection>
       </div>
 
       <div className="grid gap-6 lg:grid-cols-3">
-        <Card className="lg:col-span-1">
-          <CardHeader>
-            <CardTitle>{t("sections.userRoles")}</CardTitle>
-          </CardHeader>
-          <CardContent className="space-y-3">
-            {data.userRoleCounts.length === 0 ? (
-              <EmptyState title={t("empty.noUsers")} description={t("empty.noUsersDesc")} />
-            ) : (
-              data.userRoleCounts.map((r) => (
-                <div key={r.role} className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                  <Badge variant="secondary">{r.role}</Badge>
-                  <div className="text-sm font-medium tabular-nums">{r.count}</div>
-                </div>
-              ))
-            )}
-          </CardContent>
-        </Card>
+        <DashboardSection variant="card">
+          <Card className="lg:col-span-1">
+            <CardHeader>
+              <CardTitle>{t("sections.userRoles")}</CardTitle>
+            </CardHeader>
+            <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+              {data.userRoleCounts.length === 0 ? (
+                <EmptyState title={t("empty.noUsers")} description={t("empty.noUsersDesc")} />
+              ) : (
+                data.userRoleCounts.map((r) => (
+                  <div key={r.role} className="flex items-center justify-between">
+                    <Badge variant="secondary">{r.role}</Badge>
+                    <div className="text-sm font-medium tabular-nums">{r.count}</div>
+                  </div>
+                ))
+              )}
+            </CardContent>
+          </Card>
+        </DashboardSection>
 
-        <Card className="lg:col-span-1">
-          <CardHeader>
-            <CardTitle>{t("sections.content")}</CardTitle>
-          </CardHeader>
-          <CardContent className="grid gap-3">
-            <ContentRow label={t("stats.users")} value={data.textbookCount} icon={<Library className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
-            <ContentRow label={t("stats.classes")} value={data.chapterCount} icon={<BookOpen className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
-            <ContentRow label={t("stats.toGrade")} value={data.questionCount} icon={<FileText className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
-            <ContentRow label={t("stats.homeworkPublished")} value={data.examCount} icon={<ClipboardList className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
-          </CardContent>
-        </Card>
+        <DashboardSection variant="card">
+          <Card className="lg:col-span-1">
+            <CardHeader>
+              <CardTitle>{t("sections.content")}</CardTitle>
+            </CardHeader>
+            <CardContent className="grid gap-3">
+              <ContentRow label={t("stats.users")} value={data.textbookCount} icon={<Library className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
+              <ContentRow label={t("stats.classes")} value={data.chapterCount} icon={<BookOpen className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
+              <ContentRow label={t("stats.toGrade")} value={data.questionCount} icon={<FileText className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
+              <ContentRow label={t("stats.homeworkPublished")} value={data.examCount} icon={<ClipboardList className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
+            </CardContent>
+          </Card>
+        </DashboardSection>
 
-        <Card className="lg:col-span-1">
-          <CardHeader>
-            <CardTitle>{t("sections.homeworkActivity")}</CardTitle>
-          </CardHeader>
-          <CardContent className="grid gap-3">
-            <ContentRow label={t("stats.activeAssignments")} value={data.homeworkAssignmentCount} icon={<ClipboardList className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
-            <ContentRow label={t("stats.submissionRate")} value={data.homeworkSubmissionCount} icon={<FileText className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
-            <ContentRow label={t("stats.toGrade")} value={data.homeworkSubmissionToGradeCount} icon={<Activity className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
-          </CardContent>
-        </Card>
+        <DashboardSection variant="card">
+          <Card className="lg:col-span-1">
+            <CardHeader>
+              <CardTitle>{t("sections.homeworkActivity")}</CardTitle>
+            </CardHeader>
+            <CardContent className="grid gap-3">
+              <ContentRow label={t("stats.activeAssignments")} value={data.homeworkAssignmentCount} icon={<ClipboardList className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
+              <ContentRow label={t("stats.submissionRate")} value={data.homeworkSubmissionCount} icon={<FileText className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
+              <ContentRow label={t("stats.toGrade")} value={data.homeworkSubmissionToGradeCount} icon={<Activity className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />} />
+            </CardContent>
+          </Card>
+        </DashboardSection>
       </div>
 
-      <Card>
-        <CardHeader>
-          <CardTitle>{t("sections.recentUsers")}</CardTitle>
-        </CardHeader>
-        <CardContent>
-          {data.recentUsers.length === 0 ? (
-            <EmptyState title={t("empty.noUsersYet")} description={t("empty.seedHint")} />
-          ) : (
-            <Table>
-              <TableHeader>
-                <TableRow>
-                  <TableHead>{t("table.name")}</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead>{t("table.email")}</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead>{t("table.role")}</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead>{t("table.created")}</TableHead>
-                </TableRow>
-              </TableHeader>
-              <TableBody>
-                {data.recentUsers.map((u) => (
-                  <TableRow key={u.id}>
-                    <TableCell className="font-medium">{u.name || "-"}</TableCell>
-                    <TableCell className="text-muted-foreground">{u.email}</TableCell>
-                    <TableCell>
-                      <Badge variant="secondary">{u.role ?? "unknown"}</Badge>
-                    </TableCell>
-                    <TableCell className="text-muted-foreground">{formatDate(u.createdAt)}</TableCell>
+      <DashboardSection variant="table">
+        <Card>
+          <CardHeader>
+            <CardTitle>{t("sections.recentUsers")}</CardTitle>
+          </CardHeader>
+          <CardContent>
+            {data.recentUsers.length === 0 ? (
+              <EmptyState title={t("empty.noUsersYet")} description={t("empty.seedHint")} />
+            ) : (
+              <Table>
+                <TableHeader>
+                  <TableRow>
+                    <TableHead>{t("table.name")}</TableHead>
+                    <TableHead>{t("table.email")}</TableHead>
+                    <TableHead>{t("table.role")}</TableHead>
+                    <TableHead>{t("table.created")}</TableHead>
                   </TableRow>
-                ))}
-              </TableBody>
-            </Table>
-          )}
-          <div className="flex justify-end pt-4">
-            <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="sm">
-              <Link href="/admin/users">
-                {t("sections.viewAllUsers")}
-                <ChevronRight className="ml-1 h-4 w-4" />
-              </Link>
-            </Button>
-          </div>
-        </CardContent>
-      </Card>
+                </TableHeader>
+                <TableBody>
+                  {data.recentUsers.map((u) => (
+                    <TableRow key={u.id}>
+                      <TableCell className="font-medium">{u.name || "-"}</TableCell>
+                      <TableCell className="text-muted-foreground">{u.email}</TableCell>
+                      <TableCell>
+                        <Badge variant="secondary">{u.role ?? "unknown"}</Badge>
+                      </TableCell>
+                      <TableCell className="text-muted-foreground">{formatDate(u.createdAt)}</TableCell>
+                    </TableRow>
+                  ))}
+                </TableBody>
+              </Table>
+            )}
+            <div className="flex justify-end pt-4">
+              <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="sm">
+                <Link href="/admin/users">
+                  {t("sections.viewAllUsers")}
+                  <ChevronRight className="ml-1 h-4 w-4" />
+                </Link>
+              </Button>
+            </div>
+          </CardContent>
+        </Card>
+      </DashboardSection>
     </div>
   )
 }

src/modules/dashboard/components/dashboard-section.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { Component, type ReactNode, Suspense } from "react"
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+/**
+ * 仪表盘分区 Error Boundary
+ *
+ * 包裹每个独立数据区块，避免单个区块崩溃导致整页不可用。
+ * 与路由级 error.tsx 不同，此组件仅替换出错区块，其余区块继续渲染。
+ */
+export class DashboardSectionErrorBoundary extends Component<
+  { children: ReactNode },
+  { hasError: boolean }
+> {
+  state: { hasError: boolean } = { hasError: false }
+
+  static getDerivedStateFromError(): { hasError: boolean } {
+    return { hasError: true }
+  }
+
+  handleRetry = (): void => {
+    this.setState({ hasError: false })
+  }
+
+  render(): ReactNode {
+    if (this.state.hasError) {
+      return <DashboardSectionErrorFallback onRetry={this.handleRetry} />
+    }
+    return this.props.children
+  }
+}
+
+function DashboardSectionErrorFallback({
+  onRetry,
+}: {
+  onRetry: () => void
+}): ReactNode {
+  const t = useTranslations("dashboard.error")
+  return (
+    <EmptyState
+      icon={AlertCircle}
+      title={t("sectionLoadFailed")}
+      description={t("sectionLoadFailedDesc")}
+      action={{ label: t("retry"), onClick: onRetry }}
+      className="h-auto border-none shadow-none"
+    />
+  )
+}
+
+/**
+ * 分区骨架屏变体
+ *
+ * 不同数据区块使用不同骨架布局，提供更贴近真实内容的加载占位。
+ */
+type SkeletonVariant = "stats" | "card" | "chart" | "table" | "list"
+
+export function DashboardSectionSkeleton({
+  variant = "card",
+}: {
+  variant?: SkeletonVariant
+}): ReactNode {
+  switch (variant) {
+    case "stats":
+      return (
+        <div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4">
+          {Array.from({ length: 4 }).map((_, i) => (
+            <Card key={i}>
+              <CardHeader className="pb-2">
+                <Skeleton className="h-4 w-24" />
+              </CardHeader>
+              <CardContent>
+                <Skeleton className="h-8 w-16" />
+                <Skeleton className="mt-2 h-3 w-28" />
+              </CardContent>
+            </Card>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      )
+    case "chart":
+      return (
+        <Card>
+          <CardHeader>
+            <Skeleton className="h-5 w-32" />
+          </CardHeader>
+          <CardContent>
+            <Skeleton className="h-[200px] w-full" />
+          </CardContent>
+        </Card>
+      )
+    case "table":
+      return (
+        <Card>
+          <CardHeader>
+            <Skeleton className="h-5 w-32" />
+          </CardHeader>
+          <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+            {Array.from({ length: 5 }).map((_, i) => (
+              <Skeleton key={i} className="h-10 w-full" />
+            ))}
+          </CardContent>
+        </Card>
+      )
+    case "list":
+      return (
+        <Card>
+          <CardHeader>
+            <Skeleton className="h-5 w-32" />
+          </CardHeader>
+          <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+            {Array.from({ length: 4 }).map((_, i) => (
+              <div key={i} className="flex items-center gap-3">
+                <Skeleton className="h-9 w-9 rounded-full" />
+                <div className="flex-1 space-y-1.5">
+                  <Skeleton className="h-3 w-3/4" />
+                  <Skeleton className="h-3 w-1/2" />
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            ))}
+          </CardContent>
+        </Card>
+      )
+    case "card":
+    default:
+      return (
+        <Card>
+          <CardHeader>
+            <Skeleton className="h-5 w-32" />
+          </CardHeader>
+          <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+            <Skeleton className="h-4 w-full" />
+            <Skeleton className="h-4 w-5/6" />
+            <Skeleton className="h-4 w-4/6" />
+          </CardContent>
+        </Card>
+      )
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 仪表盘分区包装器
+ *
+ * 组合 Error Boundary + Suspense + 骨架屏，包裹每个独立数据区块。
+ * 单个区块出错或加载中时，仅影响该区块，不波及整页。
+ *
+ * @example
+ * <DashboardSection variant="stats">
+ *   <TeacherStats ... />
+ * </DashboardSection>
+ */
+export function DashboardSection({
+  children,
+  variant = "card",
+}: {
+  children: ReactNode
+  variant?: SkeletonVariant
+}): ReactNode {
+  return (
+    <DashboardSectionErrorBoundary>
+      <Suspense fallback={<DashboardSectionSkeleton variant={variant} />}>
+        {children}
+      </Suspense>
+    </DashboardSectionErrorBoundary>
+  )
+}

src/modules/dashboard/components/student-dashboard/student-dashboard-view.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { StudentDashboardProps } from "@/modules/dashboard/types"
 
+import { DashboardSection } from "../dashboard-section"
 import { StudentDashboardHeader } from "./student-dashboard-header"
 import { StudentGradesCard } from "./student-grades-card"
 import { StudentStatsGrid } from "./student-stats-grid"
@@ -20,21 +21,29 @@ export async function StudentDashboard({
     <div className="space-y-6">
       <StudentDashboardHeader studentName={studentName} />
 
-      <StudentStatsGrid
-        enrolledClassCount={enrolledClassCount}
-        dueSoonCount={dueSoonCount}
-        overdueCount={overdueCount}
-        gradedCount={gradedCount}
-        ranking={grades.ranking}
-      />
+      <DashboardSection variant="stats">
+        <StudentStatsGrid
+          enrolledClassCount={enrolledClassCount}
+          dueSoonCount={dueSoonCount}
+          overdueCount={overdueCount}
+          gradedCount={gradedCount}
+          ranking={grades.ranking}
+        />
+      </DashboardSection>
 
       <div className="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-6">
         <div className="lg:col-span-2 space-y-6">
-          <StudentUpcomingAssignmentsCard upcomingAssignments={upcomingAssignments} />
-          <StudentGradesCard grades={grades} />
+          <DashboardSection variant="list">
+            <StudentUpcomingAssignmentsCard upcomingAssignments={upcomingAssignments} />
+          </DashboardSection>
+          <DashboardSection variant="card">
+            <StudentGradesCard grades={grades} />
+          </DashboardSection>
         </div>
         <div className="space-y-6">
-          <StudentTodayScheduleCard items={todayScheduleItems} />
+          <DashboardSection variant="card">
+            <StudentTodayScheduleCard items={todayScheduleItems} />
+          </DashboardSection>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>

src/modules/dashboard/components/teacher-dashboard/teacher-dashboard-view.tsx

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type { TeacherDashboardMetrics } from "@/modules/dashboard/lib/dashboard-
 import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
 import type { TeacherTodoItem } from "./teacher-todo-card"
 
+import { DashboardSection } from "../dashboard-section"
 import { TeacherClassesCard } from "./teacher-classes-card"
 import { TeacherDashboardHeader } from "./teacher-dashboard-header"
 import { TeacherHomeworkCard } from "./teacher-homework-card"
@@ -46,35 +47,51 @@ export async function TeacherDashboardView({ data }: TeacherDashboardViewProps)
     <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-6 p-8">
       <TeacherDashboardHeader teacherName={data.teacherName} />
 
-      <TeacherStats
-        toGradeCount={metrics.toGradeCount}
-        activeAssignmentsCount={metrics.activeAssignmentsCount}
-        averageScore={metrics.averageScore}
-        submissionRate={metrics.submissionRate}
-      />
+      <DashboardSection variant="stats">
+        <TeacherStats
+          toGradeCount={metrics.toGradeCount}
+          activeAssignmentsCount={metrics.activeAssignmentsCount}
+          averageScore={metrics.averageScore}
+          submissionRate={metrics.submissionRate}
+        />
+      </DashboardSection>
 
       <div className="grid gap-6 lg:grid-cols-12">
         {/* 移动端优先展示：今日课表 → 待办 → 待批改 */}
         <div className="flex flex-col gap-6 lg:col-span-8">
           <div className="lg:hidden">
-            <TeacherSchedule items={metrics.todayScheduleItems} />
+            <DashboardSection variant="card">
+              <TeacherSchedule items={metrics.todayScheduleItems} />
+            </DashboardSection>
           </div>
-          <TeacherTodoCard items={todoItems} />
-          <TeacherGradeTrends trends={data.gradeTrends} />
-          <RecentSubmissions
-            submissions={metrics.submissionsToGrade}
-            title={t("sections.pendingGrading")}
-            emptyTitle={t("empty.allGraded")}
-            emptyDescription={t("empty.allGradedDesc")}
-          />
+          <DashboardSection variant="card">
+            <TeacherTodoCard items={todoItems} />
+          </DashboardSection>
+          <DashboardSection variant="chart">
+            <TeacherGradeTrends trends={data.gradeTrends} />
+          </DashboardSection>
+          <DashboardSection variant="list">
+            <RecentSubmissions
+              submissions={metrics.submissionsToGrade}
+              title={t("sections.pendingGrading")}
+              emptyTitle={t("empty.allGraded")}
+              emptyDescription={t("empty.allGradedDesc")}
+            />
+          </DashboardSection>
         </div>
 
         <div className="flex flex-col gap-6 lg:col-span-4">
           <div className="hidden lg:block">
-            <TeacherSchedule items={metrics.todayScheduleItems} />
+            <DashboardSection variant="card">
+              <TeacherSchedule items={metrics.todayScheduleItems} />
+            </DashboardSection>
           </div>
-          <TeacherHomeworkCard assignments={data.assignments} />
-          <TeacherClassesCard classes={data.classes} />
+          <DashboardSection variant="list">
+            <TeacherHomeworkCard assignments={data.assignments} />
+          </DashboardSection>
+          <DashboardSection variant="list">
+            <TeacherClassesCard classes={data.classes} />
+          </DashboardSection>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>

src/shared/i18n/messages/en/dashboard.json

@@ -115,7 +115,9 @@
   "error": {
     "loadFailed": "Page load failed",
     "loadFailedDesc": "Sorry, an unexpected error occurred while loading the page. Please try again later.",
-    "retry": "Retry"
+    "retry": "Retry",
+    "sectionLoadFailed": "Section load failed",
+    "sectionLoadFailedDesc": "An error occurred while loading this section. Please retry."
   },
   "chart": {
     "newUsers": "New users",

src/shared/i18n/messages/zh-CN/dashboard.json

@@ -115,7 +115,9 @@
   "error": {
     "loadFailed": "页面加载失败",
     "loadFailedDesc": "抱歉，页面加载时发生了意外错误。请稍后重试。",
-    "retry": "重试"
+    "retry": "重试",
+    "sectionLoadFailed": "区块加载失败",
+    "sectionLoadFailedDesc": "该数据区块加载时出错，请重试。"
   },
   "chart": {
     "newUsers": "新增用户",