feat(app): add error/loading boundaries across all dashboard routes and new routes

- Add error.tsx and loading.tsx boundaries for admin, parent, student, teacher routes

- Add admin announcements edit, audit-logs overview, curriculum-map, invitation-codes, permissions, questions, roles routes

- Add admin elective detail and components, files, course-plans, users, scheduling boundaries

- Add messages group-compose route

- Add parent course-plans, elective, grades report-card, practice routes

- Add student course-plans, elective detail, error-book dialogs, grades report-card, learning study-path, leave, schedule boundaries

- Add teacher attendance report, classes boundaries, course-plans boundaries, elective, exams analytics/edit-rich/all/create/new, grades report-card, homework boundaries, leave, lesson-plans calendar

- Add auth loading, onboarding loading, api cron

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/assignments/[id]/page.tsx

@@ -1,18 +1,27 @@
 import type { JSX } from "react"
+import { Suspense } from "react"
+import type { ReactNode } from "react"
 import Link from "next/link"
 import { notFound } from "next/navigation"
-import { getHomeworkAssignmentAnalytics } from "@/modules/homework/data-access"
+import { getHomeworkAssignmentAnalytics } from "@/modules/homework/stats-service"
 import { HomeworkAssignmentExamContentCard } from "@/modules/homework/components/homework-assignment-exam-content-card"
 import { HomeworkAssignmentQuestionErrorOverviewCard } from "@/modules/homework/components/homework-assignment-question-error-overview-card"
 import { Badge } from "@/shared/components/ui/badge"
 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+import { SectionErrorBoundary } from "@/shared/components/section-error-boundary"
 import { formatDate } from "@/shared/lib/utils"
 import { ArrowLeft, Users, Calendar, BarChart3, CheckCircle2 } from "lucide-react"
+import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
+import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
 export default async function HomeworkAssignmentDetailPage({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }): Promise<JSX.Element> {
   const { id } = await params
+  await requirePermission(Permissions.HOMEWORK_CREATE)
+  const t = await getTranslations("examHomework")
   const analytics = await getHomeworkAssignmentAnalytics(id)
 
   if (!analytics) return notFound()
@@ -28,7 +37,7 @@ export default async function HomeworkAssignmentDetailPage({ params }: { params:
             <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="sm" className="w-fit">
               <Link href="/teacher/homework/assignments">
                 <ArrowLeft className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-                返回作业列表
+                {t("homework.result.backToList")}
               </Link>
             </Button>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
@@ -37,14 +46,14 @@ export default async function HomeworkAssignmentDetailPage({ params }: { params:
                 {assignment.status}
               </Badge>
             </div>
-            <p className="text-muted-foreground text-sm max-w-2xl">{assignment.description || "No description provided."}</p>
+            <p className="text-muted-foreground text-sm max-w-2xl">{assignment.description || t("homework.take.noDescription")}</p>
           </div>
 
           <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mt-2 md:mt-0">
             <Button asChild variant="outline" className="shadow-sm">
               <Link href={`/teacher/homework/assignments/${assignment.id}/submissions`}>
                 <Users className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" aria-hidden="true" />
-                View Submissions
+                {t("homework.detail.viewSubmissions")}
               </Link>
             </Button>
           </div>
@@ -54,38 +63,40 @@ export default async function HomeworkAssignmentDetailPage({ params }: { params:
         <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-x-8 gap-y-2 mt-6 text-sm">
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-muted-foreground">
             <Calendar className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-            <span>Due: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{assignment.dueAt ? formatDate(assignment.dueAt) : "No due date"}</span></span>
+            <span>{t("homework.detail.dueLabel")}: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{assignment.dueAt ? formatDate(assignment.dueAt) : t("homework.detail.noDueDate")}</span></span>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-muted-foreground">
             <Users className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-            <span>Targets: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{assignment.targetCount}</span></span>
+            <span>{t("homework.grade.targets")}: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{assignment.targetCount}</span></span>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-muted-foreground">
             <CheckCircle2 className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-            <span>Submissions: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{assignment.submissionCount}</span></span>
+            <span>{t("homework.detail.submissionsLabel")}: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{assignment.submissionCount}</span></span>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-muted-foreground">
             <BarChart3 className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-            <span>Graded: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{gradedSampleCount}</span></span>
+            <span>{t("homework.grade.gradedCount")}: <span className="font-medium text-foreground tabular-nums">{gradedSampleCount}</span></span>
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <div className="flex-1 p-8 space-y-8 bg-muted/5">
-        {/* Analytics Section */}
+        {/* Analytics Section - wrapped with SectionErrorBoundary + Suspense for graceful degradation */}
         <section className="space-y-4">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold tracking-tight">Performance Analytics</h2>
-          </div>
-          <div className="grid gap-6 md:grid-cols-1">
-            <HomeworkAssignmentQuestionErrorOverviewCard questions={questions} gradedSampleCount={gradedSampleCount} />
+            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold tracking-tight">{t("homework.detail.performanceAnalytics")}</h2>
           </div>
+          <SectionErrorBoundary namespace="examHomework">
+            <Suspense fallback={<AnalyticsSkeleton />}>
+              <HomeworkAssignmentQuestionErrorOverviewCard questions={questions} gradedSampleCount={gradedSampleCount} />
+            </Suspense>
+          </SectionErrorBoundary>
         </section>
 
         {/* Content Section */}
         <section className="space-y-4">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold tracking-tight">Assignment Content</h2>
+            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold tracking-tight">{t("homework.detail.assignmentContent")}</h2>
           </div>
           <HomeworkAssignmentExamContentCard
             structure={assignment.structure}
@@ -97,3 +108,17 @@ export default async function HomeworkAssignmentDetailPage({ params }: { params:
     </div>
   )
 }
+
+/**
+ * Analytics 区块加载骨架屏。
+ */
+function AnalyticsSkeleton(): ReactNode {
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-3">
+      <Skeleton className="h-8 w-full" />
+      {Array.from({ length: 4 }).map((_, i) => (
+        <Skeleton key={i} className="h-12 w-full" />
+      ))}
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/assignments/[id]/submissions/page.tsx

@@ -5,15 +5,18 @@ import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { getHomeworkAssignmentById, getHomeworkSubmissions } from "@/modules/homework/data-access"
 import { HomeworkBatchGradingView } from "@/modules/homework/components/homework-batch-grading-view"
+import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
 export default async function HomeworkAssignmentSubmissionsPage({ params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }): Promise<JSX.Element> {
   const { id } = await params
+  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.HOMEWORK_GRADE)
   const t = await getTranslations("examHomework")
   const [assignment, submissions] = await Promise.all([
-    getHomeworkAssignmentById(id),
-    getHomeworkSubmissions({ assignmentId: id }),
+    getHomeworkAssignmentById(id, ctx.dataScope),
+    getHomeworkSubmissions({ assignmentId: id, scope: ctx.dataScope }),
   ])
   if (!assignment) return notFound()
 

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/assignments/create/page.tsx

@@ -4,12 +4,14 @@ import { getExams } from "@/modules/exams/data-access"
 import { getTeacherClasses } from "@/modules/classes/data-access"
 import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
 import { getAuthContext } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
 import { FileQuestion } from "lucide-react"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
 export default async function CreateHomeworkAssignmentPage(): Promise<JSX.Element> {
   const { dataScope } = await getAuthContext()
+  const t = await getTranslations("examHomework")
   const [exams, classes] = await Promise.all([getExams({ scope: dataScope }), getTeacherClasses()])
   const options = exams.map((e) => ({ id: e.id, title: e.title }))
 
@@ -17,17 +19,17 @@ export default async function CreateHomeworkAssignmentPage(): Promise<JSX.Elemen
     <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
         <div>
-          <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Create Assignment</h1>
-          <p className="text-muted-foreground">快速发布文本作业或从考试派生。</p>
+          <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("homework.form.createTitle")}</h1>
+          <p className="text-muted-foreground">{t("homework.form.createDescription")}</p>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       {classes.length === 0 ? (
         <EmptyState
-          title="No classes available"
-          description="Create a class first, then publish homework to that class."
+          title={t("homework.form.noClassesAvailable")}
+          description={t("homework.form.noClassesDescription")}
           icon={FileQuestion}
-          action={{ label: "Go to Classes", href: "/teacher/classes/my" }}
+          action={{ label: t("homework.form.goToClasses"), href: "/teacher/classes/my" }}
         />
       ) : (
         <HomeworkAssignmentForm exams={options} classes={classes} />

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/assignments/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/assignments/error.tsx
+ * 作业列表错误边界（教师视图）。
+ */
+export default function AssignmentsListError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("examHomework")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("homework.error.notFound")}
+        description={t("homework.error.loadFailed")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("common.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/assignments/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/assignments/loading.tsx
+ * 作业列表骨架屏（教师视图）：标题 + 表格行骨架。
+ */
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between space-y-2">
+        <div className="space-y-2">
+          <Skeleton className="h-8 w-48" />
+          <Skeleton className="h-4 w-72" />
+        </div>
+        <Skeleton className="h-9 w-28" />
+      </div>
+      <div className="rounded-md border bg-card">
+        <div className="p-4 space-y-3">
+          <Skeleton className="h-10 w-full" />
+          {Array.from({ length: 8 }).map((_, i) => (
+            <Skeleton key={i} className="h-12 w-full" />
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/assignments/page.tsx

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ import { getTeacherClasses } from "@/modules/classes/data-access"
 import { PenTool, PlusCircle, AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
 import { getTeacherIdForMutations } from "@/modules/classes/data-access"
 import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
+import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ export default async function AssignmentsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams:
   const t = await getTranslations("examHomework")
   const sp = await searchParams
   const rawClassId = getParam(sp, "classId")
+  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.HOMEWORK_CREATE)
   const creatorId = await getTeacherIdForMutations()
 
   // Only fetch classes list when a class filter is active — needed to resolve
@@ -36,7 +39,7 @@ export default async function AssignmentsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams:
   // avoid an unnecessary DB round-trip.
   const filteredClassId = rawClassId && rawClassId !== "all" ? rawClassId : null
   const [assignments, classes] = await Promise.all([
-    getHomeworkAssignments({ creatorId, classId: filteredClassId ?? undefined }),
+    getHomeworkAssignments({ creatorId, classId: filteredClassId ?? undefined, scope: ctx.dataScope }),
     filteredClassId ? getTeacherClasses() : Promise.resolve([]),
   ])
   const hasAssignments = assignments.length > 0

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/error.tsx
+ * 作业模块入口错误边界。
+ */
+export default function HomeworkRootError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("examHomework")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("homework.error.notFound")}
+        description={t("homework.error.loadFailed")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("common.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/loading.tsx
+ * 作业模块入口骨架屏（实际会重定向到 /assignments，但保留骨架屏以避免空白闪烁）。
+ */
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
+      <div className="space-y-2">
+        <Skeleton className="h-7 w-48" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-4 w-72" />
+      </div>
+      <Skeleton className="h-96 w-full" />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/error.tsx
+ * 批改页错误边界（教师视图）。
+ */
+export default function SubmissionGradingError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("examHomework")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("homework.error.submissionNotFound")}
+        description={t("homework.error.loadFailed")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("common.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/loading.tsx
+ * 批改页骨架屏：标题 + 题目卡片骨架 + 右侧汇总卡片骨架。
+ */
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-4 p-6">
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
+        <div className="space-y-2">
+          <Skeleton className="h-7 w-64" />
+          <Skeleton className="h-4 w-96" />
+        </div>
+        <Skeleton className="h-9 w-32" />
+      </div>
+      <div className="grid h-[calc(100vh-12rem)] grid-cols-1 gap-6 lg:grid-cols-12">
+        <div className="lg:col-span-9 space-y-4">
+          {Array.from({ length: 3 }).map((_, i) => (
+            <Skeleton key={i} className="h-40 w-full" />
+          ))}
+        </div>
+        <div className="lg:col-span-3 space-y-4">
+          <Skeleton className="h-32 w-full" />
+          <Skeleton className="h-24 w-full" />
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/page.tsx

@@ -7,46 +7,22 @@ import { HomeworkGradingView } from "@/modules/homework/components/homework-grad
 import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
 import { ScanLine } from "lucide-react"
 import { formatDate } from "@/shared/lib/utils"
-import {
-  AiClientProvider,
-  type AiClientService,
-} from "@/modules/ai/context/ai-client-provider"
-import {
-  suggestGradingAction,
-  aiChatAction,
-  suggestSimilarQuestionsAction,
-  generateLessonContentAction,
-  generateQuestionVariantAction,
-  analyzeWeaknessAction,
-} from "@/modules/ai/actions"
+import { AiClientProvider } from "@/modules/ai/context/ai-client-provider"
+import { createCoreAiClientService } from "@/modules/ai/context/create-ai-client-service"
+import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
-/**
- * 构建 AI 客户端服务（Server Action 引用集合）
- *
- * 通过 React Context 注入，客户端组件不直接 import actions，
- * 遵循依赖注入模式，便于测试时替换为 mock。
- */
-function createAiClientService(): AiClientService {
-  return {
-    chat: aiChatAction,
-    suggestSimilarQuestions: suggestSimilarQuestionsAction,
-    suggestGrading: suggestGradingAction,
-    generateLessonContent: generateLessonContentAction,
-    generateQuestionVariant: generateQuestionVariantAction,
-    analyzeWeakness: analyzeWeaknessAction,
-  }
-}
-
 export default async function HomeworkSubmissionGradingPage({ params }: { params: Promise<{ submissionId: string }> }): Promise<JSX.Element> {
   const { submissionId } = await params
+  await requirePermission(Permissions.HOMEWORK_GRADE)
   const t = await getTranslations("examHomework")
   const submission = await getHomeworkSubmissionDetails(submissionId)
 
   if (!submission) return notFound()
 
-  const aiClientService = createAiClientService()
+  const aiClientService = createCoreAiClientService()
 
   return (
     <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-4 p-6">
@@ -55,12 +31,12 @@ export default async function HomeworkSubmissionGradingPage({ params }: { params
           <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight line-clamp-2">{submission.assignmentTitle}</h1>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-4 text-sm text-muted-foreground mt-1">
             <span>
-              Student: <span className="font-medium text-foreground">{submission.studentName}</span>
+              {t("homework.grade.student")}: <span className="font-medium text-foreground">{submission.studentName}</span>
             </span>
             <span aria-hidden="true">•</span>
-            <span className="tabular-nums">Submitted: {submission.submittedAt ? formatDate(submission.submittedAt) : "-"}</span>
+            <span className="tabular-nums">{t("homework.grade.submitted")}: {submission.submittedAt ? formatDate(submission.submittedAt) : "-"}</span>
             <span aria-hidden="true">•</span>
-            <span className="capitalize">Status: {submission.status}</span>
+            <span className="capitalize">{t("homework.grade.status")}: {submission.status}</span>
           </div>
         </div>
         <Button asChild variant="outline" size="sm">

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/scan-grading/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/scan-grading/error.tsx
+ * 阅卷式批改页错误边界（教师视图）。
+ */
+export default function ScanGradingError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("examHomework")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("homework.error.submissionNotFound")}
+        description={t("homework.error.loadFailed")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("common.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/scan-grading/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/scan-grading/loading.tsx
+ * 阅卷式批改页骨架屏：标题 + 左侧题目 + 右侧扫描图区域骨架。
+ */
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-4 p-6">
+      <div className="space-y-2">
+        <Skeleton className="h-7 w-64" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-4 w-80" />
+      </div>
+      <div className="grid h-[calc(100vh-12rem)] grid-cols-1 gap-6 lg:grid-cols-2">
+        <div className="space-y-4">
+          {Array.from({ length: 3 }).map((_, i) => (
+            <Skeleton key={i} className="h-40 w-full" />
+          ))}
+        </div>
+        <Skeleton className="h-full w-full" />
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/[submissionId]/scan-grading/page.tsx

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import { notFound } from "next/navigation"
 
 import { getHomeworkSubmissionDetails } from "@/modules/homework/data-access"
 import { HomeworkScanGradingView } from "@/modules/homework/components/homework-scan-grading-view"
+import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
@@ -12,6 +14,7 @@ export default async function HomeworkScanGradingPage({
   params: Promise<{ submissionId: string }>
 }): Promise<JSX.Element> {
   const { submissionId } = await params
+  await requirePermission(Permissions.HOMEWORK_GRADE)
   const submission = await getHomeworkSubmissionDetails(submissionId)
 
   if (!submission) return notFound()

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/submissions/error.tsx
+ * 提交列表错误边界（教师视图）。
+ */
+export default function SubmissionsListError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("examHomework")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("homework.error.notFound")}
+        description={t("homework.error.loadFailed")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("common.retry"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+/**
+ * teacher/homework/submissions/loading.tsx
+ * 提交列表骨架屏（教师视图）：标题 + 表格行骨架。
+ */
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col space-y-8 p-8">
+      <div className="space-y-2">
+        <Skeleton className="h-8 w-48" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-4 w-72" />
+      </div>
+      <div className="rounded-md border bg-card">
+        <div className="p-4 space-y-3">
+          <Skeleton className="h-10 w-full" />
+          {Array.from({ length: 8 }).map((_, i) => (
+            <Skeleton key={i} className="h-12 w-full" />
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/teacher/homework/submissions/page.tsx

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ import { type SearchParams } from "@/shared/lib/search-params"
 import { getHomeworkAssignmentReviewList } from "@/modules/homework/data-access"
 import { Inbox } from "lucide-react"
 import { getTeacherIdForMutations } from "@/modules/classes/data-access"
+import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
+import { getTranslations } from "next-intl/server"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
@@ -23,8 +26,10 @@ const PAGE_SIZE = 10
 
 export default async function SubmissionsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams: Promise<SearchParams> }): Promise<JSX.Element> {
   const sp = await searchParams
+  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.HOMEWORK_GRADE)
+  const t = await getTranslations("examHomework")
   const creatorId = await getTeacherIdForMutations()
-  const assignments = await getHomeworkAssignmentReviewList({ creatorId })
+  const assignments = await getHomeworkAssignmentReviewList({ creatorId, scope: ctx.dataScope })
   const hasAssignments = assignments.length > 0
 
   // 分页计算
@@ -38,17 +43,17 @@ export default async function SubmissionsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams:
     <div className="h-full flex-1 flex-col space-y-8 p-8 md:flex">
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between space-y-2">
         <div>
-          <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">作业提交</h1>
+          <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">{t("homework.submissions.title")}</h1>
           <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-            按作业查看提交与批改进度。
+            {t("homework.submissions.description")}
           </p>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       {!hasAssignments ? (
         <EmptyState
-          title="暂无作业"
-          description="还没有可批改的作业。"
+          title={t("homework.list.empty")}
+          description={t("homework.submissions.emptyDescription")}
           icon={Inbox}
         />
       ) : (
@@ -56,13 +61,13 @@ export default async function SubmissionsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams:
           <Table>
             <TableHeader>
               <TableRow>
-                <TableHead>作业</TableHead>
-                <TableHead>状态</TableHead>
-                <TableHead>截止时间</TableHead>
-                <TableHead className="text-right">应交</TableHead>
-                <TableHead className="text-right">已交</TableHead>
-                <TableHead className="text-right">已批</TableHead>
-                <TableHead className="text-right">提交率</TableHead>
+                <TableHead>{t("homework.submissions.columns.assignment")}</TableHead>
+                <TableHead>{t("homework.list.columns.status")}</TableHead>
+                <TableHead>{t("homework.list.columns.dueAt")}</TableHead>
+                <TableHead className="text-right">{t("homework.grade.targets")}</TableHead>
+                <TableHead className="text-right">{t("homework.grade.submittedCount")}</TableHead>
+                <TableHead className="text-right">{t("homework.grade.gradedCount")}</TableHead>
+                <TableHead className="text-right">{t("homework.list.columns.submissionRate")}</TableHead>
               </TableRow>
             </TableHeader>
             <TableBody>
@@ -80,7 +85,7 @@ export default async function SubmissionsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams:
                       {a.sourceExamTitle ? (
                         <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground truncate max-w-[200px]">{a.sourceExamTitle}</div>
                       ) : (
-                        <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground italic">快速作业</div>
+                        <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground italic">{t("homework.submissions.quickAssignment")}</div>
                       )}
                     </TableCell>
                     <TableCell>
@@ -107,7 +112,7 @@ export default async function SubmissionsPage({ searchParams }: { searchParams:
             totalPages={totalPages}
             basePath="/teacher/homework/submissions"
             searchParams={sp}
-            itemLabel="个作业"
+            itemLabel={t("homework.list.pagination.itemLabel")}
           />
         </div>
       )}