feat(app): add error/loading boundaries and update dashboard routes

- Add error.tsx and loading.tsx boundaries for admin, parent, student, teacher routes

- Add dashboard-error-fallback and dashboard-loading-skeleton components

- Add student/learning page, parent/leave routes, teacher textbook components

- Update existing app routes across auth, dashboard, and API endpoints

- Update proxy middleware and next-auth type declarations

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/attendance/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function ParentAttendanceError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  const t = useTranslations("attendance")
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title={t("errors.unexpected")}
+        description={t("errors.unexpected")}
+        action={{
+          label: t("actions.save"),
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/attendance/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-8 p-6 md:p-8">
+      <div className="space-y-2">
+        <Skeleton className="h-8 w-48" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-4 w-64" />
+      </div>
+      <div className="space-y-8">
+        {Array.from({ length: 2 }).map((_, i) => (
+          <Card key={i}>
+            <CardHeader>
+              <CardTitle className="text-lg">
+                <Skeleton className="h-5 w-32" />
+              </CardTitle>
+            </CardHeader>
+            <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+              <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 md:grid-cols-3">
+                {Array.from({ length: 3 }).map((_, j) => (
+                  <Skeleton key={j} className="h-20 w-full" />
+                ))}
+              </div>
+              <Skeleton className="h-40 w-full" />
+            </CardContent>
+          </Card>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/children/[studentId]/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-6">
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
+        <Skeleton className="h-16 w-16 rounded-full" />
+        <div className="space-y-2">
+          <Skeleton className="h-7 w-40" />
+          <Skeleton className="h-4 w-56" />
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <Skeleton className="h-9 w-full max-w-md" />
+
+      <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-4 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3">
+        <Card className="lg:col-span-2">
+          <CardHeader>
+            <CardTitle className="text-base">
+              <Skeleton className="h-4 w-32" />
+            </CardTitle>
+          </CardHeader>
+          <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+            {Array.from({ length: 4 }).map((_, i) => (
+              <Skeleton key={i} className="h-12 w-full" />
+            ))}
+          </CardContent>
+        </Card>
+        <Card>
+          <CardHeader>
+            <CardTitle className="text-base">
+              <Skeleton className="h-4 w-32" />
+            </CardTitle>
+          </CardHeader>
+          <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+            {Array.from({ length: 4 }).map((_, i) => (
+              <Skeleton key={i} className="h-10 w-full" />
+            ))}
+          </CardContent>
+        </Card>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/children/[studentId]/page.tsx

@@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
 import { notFound } from "next/navigation"
 
 import { requireAuth } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
-import { verifyParentChildRelation, getChildDashboardData } from "@/modules/parent/data-access"
+import { getSearchParam } from "@/shared/lib/utils"
+import {
+  verifyParentChildRelation,
+  getChildDashboardData,
+  getChildNameList,
+} from "@/modules/parent/data-access"
 import { ChildDetailHeader } from "@/modules/parent/components/child-detail-header"
-import { ChildDetailPanel } from "@/modules/parent/components/child-detail-panel"
+import {
+  ChildDetailPanel,
+  SiblingSwitcher,
+} from "@/modules/parent/components/child-detail-panel"
 import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
 import { ShieldAlert } from "lucide-react"
 
@@ -11,10 +19,13 @@ export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
 export default async function ChildDetailPage({
   params,
+  searchParams,
 }: {
   params: Promise<{ studentId: string }>
+  searchParams: Promise<{ [key: string]: string | string[] | undefined }>
 }) {
   const { studentId } = await params
+  const sp = await searchParams
   const ctx = await requireAuth()
 
   // 校验当前家长与该子女存在关系（同时按 parentId + studentId 过滤，防止跨家庭信息泄露）
@@ -38,15 +49,29 @@ export default async function ChildDetailPage({
     )
   }
 
-  const child = await getChildDashboardData(studentId, relation)
+  const [child, siblings] = await Promise.all([
+    getChildDashboardData(studentId, relation),
+    getChildNameList(ctx.userId),
+  ])
   if (!child) {
     notFound()
   }
 
+  const initialTab = getSearchParam(sp, "tab")
+
   return (
     <div className="p-6 md:p-8 space-y-6">
       <ChildDetailHeader child={child} />
-      <ChildDetailPanel child={child} />
+      <ChildDetailPanel
+        child={child}
+        initialTab={initialTab}
+        siblingSwitcher={
+          <SiblingSwitcher
+            current={{ id: child.basicInfo.id, name: child.basicInfo.name }}
+            siblings={siblings}
+          />
+        }
+      />
     </div>
   )
 }

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/dashboard/error.tsx

@@ -1,24 +1,7 @@
 "use client"
 
-import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
-import { useTranslations } from "next-intl"
+import { DashboardErrorFallback } from "@/modules/dashboard/components/dashboard-error-fallback"
 
-import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
-
-export default function ParentDashboardError({ reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
-  const t = useTranslations("dashboard")
-  return (
-    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
-      <EmptyState
-        icon={AlertCircle}
-        title={t("error.loadFailed")}
-        description={t("error.loadFailedDesc")}
-        action={{
-          label: t("error.retry"),
-          onClick: () => reset(),
-        }}
-        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
-      />
-    </div>
-  )
+export default function ParentDashboardError({ error, reset }: { error: Error & { digest?: string }; reset: () => void }) {
+  return <DashboardErrorFallback error={error} reset={reset} />
 }

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/diagnostic/page.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Stethoscope } from "lucide-react"
+import { Stethoscope, AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
 
 import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
 import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
@@ -9,9 +9,29 @@ import {
   ParentChildrenDataPage,
   ParentNoChildrenPage,
 } from "@/modules/parent/components/parent-children-data-page"
+import { getUserNamesByIds } from "@/modules/users/data-access"
+import { Card, CardContent } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
+/** v4-P1-9: 单个子女的诊断数据（成功） */
+interface ChildDiagnosticSuccessItem {
+  studentId: string
+  studentName: string
+  status: "success"
+  summary: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getStudentMasterySummary>>
+  reports: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getDiagnosticReports>>["reports"]
+}
+
+/** v4-P1-9: 单个子女的诊断数据（失败） */
+interface ChildDiagnosticErrorItem {
+  studentId: string
+  studentName: string
+  status: "error"
+}
+
+type ChildDiagnosticItem = ChildDiagnosticSuccessItem | ChildDiagnosticErrorItem
+
 export default async function ParentDiagnosticPage() {
   const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.DIAGNOSTIC_READ)
 
@@ -27,25 +47,44 @@ export default async function ParentDiagnosticPage() {
     )
   }
 
-  // 使用 allSettled 容错：单个子女查询失败不影响其他子女展示
+  // 预先查询所有子女的姓名，用于错误卡片展示
+  const childrenIds = ctx.dataScope.childrenIds
+  const nameMap = await getUserNamesByIds(childrenIds)
+
+  // v4-P1-9: 使用 allSettled 容错，但保留 rejected 项渲染错误卡片
   const results = await Promise.allSettled(
-    ctx.dataScope.childrenIds.map(async (id) => {
-      const [summary, reports] = await Promise.all([
+    childrenIds.map(async (id) => {
+      const [summary, reportsResult] = await Promise.all([
         getStudentMasterySummary(id),
-        getDiagnosticReports({ studentId: id }),
+        // v4-P1-3: 家长仅可见已发布报告，避免草稿泄露
+        getDiagnosticReports(
+          { studentId: id, status: "published" },
+          ctx.dataScope,
+        ),
       ])
-      return { summary, reports, studentId: id }
+      return { summary, reports: reportsResult.reports, studentId: id }
     }),
   )
-  const validItems = results
-    .filter(
-      (r): r is PromiseFulfilledResult<{
-        summary: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getStudentMasterySummary>>
-        reports: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getDiagnosticReports>>
-        studentId: string
-      }> => r.status === "fulfilled",
-    )
-    .map((r) => r.value)
+
+  const items: ChildDiagnosticItem[] = results.map((r, idx) => {
+    const studentId = childrenIds[idx]
+    const studentName = nameMap.get(studentId)?.name ?? "Unknown student"
+    if (r.status === "fulfilled") {
+      return {
+        studentId,
+        studentName,
+        status: "success" as const,
+        summary: r.value.summary,
+        reports: r.value.reports,
+      }
+    }
+    // v4-P1-9: rejected 项不再静默丢弃，渲染错误卡片
+    return {
+      studentId,
+      studentName,
+      status: "error" as const,
+    }
+  })
 
   return (
     <ParentChildrenDataPage
@@ -54,15 +93,32 @@ export default async function ParentDiagnosticPage() {
       icon={Stethoscope}
       noRecordsTitle="No diagnostic data"
       noRecordsDescription="Your children don't have any diagnostic data yet."
-      items={validItems}
-      renderItem={({ summary, reports }) => (
+      items={items}
+      renderItem={(item) => (
         <>
           <div className="border-b pb-2">
-            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold">
-              {summary?.studentName ?? "Unknown student"}
-            </h3>
+            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold">{item.studentName}</h3>
           </div>
-          <StudentDiagnosticView summary={summary} reports={reports} />
+          {item.status === "success" ? (
+            <StudentDiagnosticView
+              summary={item.summary}
+              reports={item.reports}
+              practiceHrefBase={null}
+            />
+          ) : (
+            // v4-P1-9: 错误卡片，提示家长该子女数据加载失败
+            <Card className="border-destructive/50">
+              <CardContent className="flex flex-col items-center gap-3 py-8 text-center">
+                <AlertCircle className="h-8 w-8 text-destructive" aria-hidden="true" />
+                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-destructive">
+                  Failed to load diagnostic data for {item.studentName}.
+                </p>
+                <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+                  Please refresh the page or contact the school administrator if the problem persists.
+                </p>
+              </CardContent>
+            </Card>
+          )}
         </>
       )}
     />

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+import { AlertTriangle } from "lucide-react"
+
+export default function ParentError({
+  error,
+  reset,
+}: {
+  error: Error & { digest?: string }
+  reset: () => void
+}) {
+  return (
+    <div className="p-6 md:p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertTriangle}
+        title="Something went wrong"
+        description={error.message || "An unexpected error occurred. Please try again."}
+        action={{ label: "Try again", onClick: reset }}
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/grades/error.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+"use client"
+
+import { AlertCircle } from "lucide-react"
+
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export default function ParentGradesError({
+  reset,
+}: {
+  error: Error & { digest?: string }
+  reset: () => void
+}) {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex h-full flex-col items-center justify-center space-y-4 p-8">
+      <EmptyState
+        icon={AlertCircle}
+        title="子女成绩页面加载失败"
+        description="抱歉，页面加载时发生了意外错误。请稍后重试。"
+        action={{
+          label: "重试",
+          onClick: () => reset(),
+        }}
+        className="border-none shadow-none h-auto"
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/grades/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-8 p-6 md:p-8">
+      <div className="space-y-2">
+        <Skeleton className="h-8 w-48" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-4 w-64" />
+      </div>
+      <div className="space-y-8">
+        {Array.from({ length: 2 }).map((_, i) => (
+          <Card key={i}>
+            <CardHeader>
+              <CardTitle className="text-lg">
+                <Skeleton className="h-5 w-32" />
+              </CardTitle>
+            </CardHeader>
+            <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+              <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 md:grid-cols-4">
+                {Array.from({ length: 4 }).map((_, j) => (
+                  <Skeleton key={j} className="h-20 w-full" />
+                ))}
+              </div>
+              <Skeleton className="h-40 w-full" />
+            </CardContent>
+          </Card>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/grades/page.tsx

@@ -1,16 +1,27 @@
-import { getAuthContext } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { requirePermission } from "@/shared/lib/auth-guard"
+import { Permissions } from "@/shared/types/permissions"
 import { getStudentGradeSummary } from "@/modules/grades/data-access"
+import { getClassAverageTrend } from "@/modules/grades/data-access-ranking"
 import { StudentGradeSummary } from "@/modules/grades/components/student-grade-summary"
+import { GradeTrendCard } from "@/modules/grades/components/grade-trend-card"
 import {
   ParentChildrenDataPage,
   ParentNoChildrenPage,
 } from "@/modules/parent/components/parent-children-data-page"
+import { ParentExportButton } from "@/modules/parent/components/parent-export-button"
 import { GraduationCap } from "lucide-react"
+import type { ClassAverageTrendResult } from "@/modules/grades/types"
 
 export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
 
+interface ChildGradeItem {
+  studentId: string
+  summary: NonNullable<Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getStudentGradeSummary>>>
+  classAverageTrend: ClassAverageTrendResult | null
+}
+
 export default async function ParentGradesPage() {
-  const ctx = await getAuthContext()
+  const ctx = await requirePermission(Permissions.GRADE_RECORD_READ)
 
   if (ctx.dataScope.type !== "children" || ctx.dataScope.childrenIds.length === 0) {
     return (
@@ -26,26 +37,49 @@ export default async function ParentGradesPage() {
 
   // 使用 allSettled 容错：单个子女查询失败不影响其他子女展示
   const results = await Promise.allSettled(
-    ctx.dataScope.childrenIds.map((id) => getStudentGradeSummary(id)),
+    ctx.dataScope.childrenIds.map(async (id) => {
+      const [summary, classAverageTrend] = await Promise.all([
+        getStudentGradeSummary(id, ctx.dataScope),
+        // v3-P2-8：家长页面补齐趋势图，复用班级平均对比线
+        getClassAverageTrend(id, undefined, undefined, ctx.dataScope),
+      ])
+      return { summary, classAverageTrend, studentId: id }
+    }),
   )
-  const validSummaries = results
+  const validItems: ChildGradeItem[] = results
     .filter(
-      (r): r is PromiseFulfilledResult<NonNullable<Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getStudentGradeSummary>>>> =>
-        r.status === "fulfilled" && r.value !== null,
+      (
+        r,
+      ): r is PromiseFulfilledResult<{
+        summary: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getStudentGradeSummary>>
+        classAverageTrend: ClassAverageTrendResult | null
+        studentId: string
+      }> => r.status === "fulfilled" && r.value.summary !== null,
     )
-    .map((r) => r.value)
+    .map((r) => ({
+      studentId: r.value.studentId,
+      summary: r.value.summary as NonNullable<typeof r.value.summary>,
+      classAverageTrend: r.value.classAverageTrend,
+    }))
 
   return (
     <ParentChildrenDataPage
       title="Children Grades"
-      description="View your children's grade records."
+      description="Compare grades across all your children. For single-child analysis, open the child's detail page."
       icon={GraduationCap}
       noRecordsTitle="No grade records"
       noRecordsDescription="Your children don't have any grade records yet."
-      items={validSummaries}
-      renderItem={(summary) => (
+      items={validItems}
+      renderItem={({ studentId, summary, classAverageTrend }) => (
         <>
-          <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold border-b pb-2">{summary.studentName}</h3>
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b pb-2">
+            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold">{summary.studentName}</h3>
+            {/* v4-P1-12: 接入 exportGradesAction，支持按 studentId 导出 */}
+            <ParentExportButton studentId={studentId} studentName={summary.studentName} />
+          </div>
+          {summary.records.length > 0 && (
+            <GradeTrendCard summary={summary} classAverageData={classAverageTrend} />
+          )}
           <StudentGradeSummary summary={summary} />
         </>
       )}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/leave/loading.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
+import { Skeleton } from "@/shared/components/ui/skeleton"
+
+export default function Loading() {
+  return (
+    <div className="p-6 md:p-8 space-y-6">
+      <div className="space-y-2">
+        <Skeleton className="h-8 w-48" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-4 w-64" />
+      </div>
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle className="text-base">
+            <Skeleton className="h-4 w-40" />
+          </CardTitle>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+          <Skeleton className="h-32 w-full" />
+          <Skeleton className="h-24 w-full" />
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/app/(dashboard)/parent/leave/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import Link from "next/link"
+import { CalendarDays, ArrowLeft, Phone, Mail } from "lucide-react"
+
+import { Button } from "@/shared/components/ui/button"
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/shared/components/ui/card"
+import { EmptyState } from "@/shared/components/ui/empty-state"
+
+export const dynamic = "force-dynamic"
+
+export default async function ParentLeavePage() {
+  return (
+    <div className="p-6 md:p-8 space-y-6">
+      <div className="space-y-1">
+        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold tracking-tight">Leave Request</h1>
+        <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+          Submit a leave request for your child.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+
+      <Button asChild variant="ghost" size="sm" className="gap-2 -ml-2">
+        <Link href="/parent/dashboard" aria-label="Back to Dashboard">
+          <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4" />
+          Back to Dashboard
+        </Link>
+      </Button>
+
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-base">
+            <CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" aria-hidden />
+            Online Leave Request
+          </CardTitle>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent className="space-y-4">
+          <EmptyState
+            icon={CalendarDays}
+            title="Coming soon"
+            description="The online leave request feature is being developed and will be available soon. For now, please contact the homeroom teacher or school office directly."
+            className="border-none shadow-none"
+          />
+          <div className="rounded-md border bg-muted/30 p-4 space-y-2">
+            <div className="text-sm font-medium">Contact options</div>
+            <ul className="space-y-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+              <li className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <Phone className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden />
+                <span>Call the school office during working hours</span>
+              </li>
+              <li className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <Mail className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden />
+                <span>Send a message to the homeroom teacher via the Messages page</span>
+              </li>
+              <li>
+                <Link
+                  href="/messages"
+                  className="inline-flex h-9 items-center rounded-md bg-primary px-3 text-sm font-medium text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90 transition-colors mt-2 focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2"
+                >
+                  Go to Messages
+                </Link>
+              </li>
+            </ul>
+          </div>
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+    </div>
+  )
+}